Beyond artificial intelligence: exploring artificial wisdom.
Beyond artificial intelligence: exploring artificial wisdom.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s1041610220000927
复制
发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Kim HC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeste DV;Graham SA;Nguyen TT;Depp CA;Lee EE;Kim HC
人工智能 (AI) 的最终目标是开发最能够为人类服务的技术，而这将需要超越一般智能基本组成部分的进步。 “智能”一词并不能最好地代表社会进步的技术需求，因为智能本身并不能保证个人或社会的福祉。与个人和社会的更大福祉、幸福、健康甚至长寿相关的不是智力，而是智慧。因此，未来技术的需求是人工智能（AW）。在本概述中，我们讨论了人类智能、人类智慧和人工智能的构造，并介绍和支持未来 AW 的需求。我们提出了 AW 的三个管理原则，使人类能够开发计算机来执行利用明智原则或导致明智行为的操作，并提供当前开发此类“明智”技术的相关示例。如果我们将未来的人工智能技术概念化为AW，我们就可以确保这些技术旨在模仿智慧人类的品质，从而为人类带来最大的利益。
The ultimate goal of artificial intelligence (AI) is the development of technology that is best able to serve humanity and this will require advancements that go beyond the basic components of general intelligence. The term “intelligence” does not best represent the technological needs of advancing society, because intelligence alone does not guarantee well-being either for individuals or societies. It is not intelligence, but wisdom, that is associated with greater well-being, happiness, health, and perhaps even longevity of the individual and the society. Thus, the future need in technology is for artificial wisdom (AW). In this overview we discuss the constructs of human intelligence, human wisdom, and AI, and we introduce and support the need for future AW. We propose three governing principles of AW that will enable humans to develop computers to operationally perform actions that utilize wise principles or result in wise acts and provide relevant examples of current efforts to develop such “wise” technologies. If we conceptualize future AI technologies as AW, we can ensure that these technologies are designed to emulate the qualities of wise humans and thus serve the greatest benefit to humanity.