Effect of warming and nitrogen addition on evapotranspiration and water use efficiency in a wheat-soybean/fallow rotation from 2010 to 2014
Effect of warming and nitrogen addition on evapotranspiration and water use efficiency in a wheat-soybean/fallow rotation from 2010 to 2014
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DOI：
10.1007/s10584-016-1825-8
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Liting Liu;Chunsheng Hu;J. Olesen;Z. Ju;Xiying Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liting Liu;Chunsheng Hu;J. Olesen;Z. Ju;Xiying Zhang
蒸散量（ET）和水分利用效率（WUE）是农田水通量循环的重要指标，受气候变化的影响。然而，解决的影响，在半干旱农田ET和WUE的实验变暖的实地研究是非常缺乏的。2010 - 2014年在华北平原进行了一个双因素试验，包括土壤温度[环境温度（C）和5 cm土壤深度平均增加1.5 °C（T）]和氮肥（N）[无（N 0）和315 kg N ha− 1输入（N1）]，以测量小麦-大豆/休闲轮作的ET和WUE。在N1处理中，与环境温度相比，变暖使2011、2012、2013和2014年小麦生长季的ET分别增加了3%、22%、34%和16%。在四个小麦生长季中，施氮使蒸散量在常温下分别增加9%、22%、11%和27%，在增温下分别增加14%、60%、45%和50%。在N1条件下，变暖使WUE降低15%~ 45%.在2010 - 2012年，施氮使环境温度下的WUE增加了68%，在2011 - 2013年，变暖使WUE降低了45%。在整个年份中，变暖并没有改变N 0处理的ET和WUE。在N1处理下，随着土壤温度的升高，水分利用效率降低，这可能是由于增加的蒸汽压赤字（VPD）。该研究强调了气候变暖和氮添加对小麦生长过程中水文循环的相互作用，有助于了解施肥的半干旱农田如何应对气候变化。
Evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) are critical indexes in water flux cycles of croplands, being affected by climate change. However, field studies addressing influence of experimental warming on ET and WUE in semi-arid cropland are highly deficient. A two-factor experiment, including soil temperature [ambient (C) and increased average 1.5 °C (T) at 5 cm soil depth] and nitrogen fertilizer (N) [without (N0) and with 315 kg N ha−1input (N1)], was conducted from 2010 to 2014 in North China Plain to measure ET and WUE of wheat-soybean/fallow rotation. In the N1 treatment, warming increased ET by 3 %, 22 %, 34 % and 16 % in wheat growing seasons of 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, compared with ambient temperature. N addition increased ET by 9 %, 22 %, 11 % and 27 % under ambient temperature, and by 14 %, 60 %, 45 % and 50 % under warming during the four wheat growing seasons. Warming reduced WUE by 15 %–45 % under N1. N addition increased WUE by 68 % under ambient temperature during 2010 to 2012, decreased WUE by 45 % under warming during 2011 to 2013. Warming did not alter ET and WUE in the N0 treatment during whole years. Under N1 treatment, the reduction in WUE with increasing soil temperature is likely due to the increased vapour pressure deficit (VPD). The study highlights the interactions between climate warming and N addition on hydrological cycles during wheat growth, contributing the understanding of how fertilized semi-arid cropland respond to climate change.