Daytime napping: Effects on human direct associative and relational memory
Daytime napping: Effects on human direct associative and relational memory
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2010.02.003
复制
发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Fishbein, W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lau, H.;Tucker, M. A.;Fishbein, W.
睡眠促进陈述性记忆处理。然而，我们对睡眠是否在陈述性记忆的一个基本特征--关系记忆--的加工过程中发挥作用知之甚少。关系记忆是指对睡眠前没有直接学到的东西的灵活表征。31名健康的参与者首先在下午12点学习了两组面部-物体照片对（直接联想记忆），其中每对中的物体对两个列表都是共同的，但与两个不同的面孔配对。参与者被给予大约90分钟的NREM白天小睡（n = 14）或同等的清醒时间（n = 17）。在下午4点30分，午睡的参与者表现出更好的直接联想记忆保持力，以及在评估其关系记忆的惊喜任务中表现更好，其中参与者必须将先前与学习过程中相同物体配对的两张脸联系起来。特别值得注意的是，关系记忆表现与午睡期间的NREM睡眠量相关，只有慢波睡眠预测关系记忆表现。睡眠阶段数据与直接联想记忆保持不相关。这些结果表明，睡眠在促进多个过程中发挥了积极作用，这些过程不仅限于加强机械记忆，而且还将未直接学习的项目结合在一起，重新组织它们以便在以后灵活使用。(C)2010年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Sleep facilitates declarative memory processing. However, we know little about whether sleep plays a role in the processing of a fundamental feature of declarative memory, relational memory - the flexible representation of items not directly learned prior to sleep. Thirty-one healthy participants first learned at 12 pm two sets of face-object photograph pairs (direct associative memory), in which the objects in each pair were common to both lists, but paired with two different faces. Participants either were given approximately 90 min to have a NREM-only daytime nap (n = 14) or an equivalent waking period (n = 17). At 4:30 pm, participants who napped demonstrated significantly better retention of direct associative memory, as well as better performance on a surprise task assessing their relational memory, in which participants had to associate the two faces previously paired with the same object during learning. Particularly noteworthy, relational memory performance was correlated with the amount of NREM sleep during the nap, with only slow-wave sleep predicting relational memory performance. Sleep stage data did not correlate with direct associative memory retention. These results suggest an active role for sleep in facilitating multiple processes that are not limited to the mere strengthening of rote memories, but also the binding of items that were not directly learned together, reorganizing them for flexible use at a later time. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.