Nine Outstanding Questions of Solar Wind Physics
Nine Outstanding Questions of Solar Wind Physics
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DOI：
10.1029/2018ja026005
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发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Viall;J. Borovsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Viall;J. Borovsky
对太阳风的现场测量已有近60年的历史，在此期间，等离子体物理模拟能力已经开始，地面太阳观测已扩展到空间太阳观测。这些观测和模拟带来了对基础物理的日益完善的知识，并提供了对太阳风及其复杂性的非凡理解。然而，还有一些长期悬而未决的重大问题。综合太阳风研究界的意见，太阳风物理的九个突出问题在这篇评论中被提出和讨论。这些问题涉及太阳风的形成，太阳风的固有属性(以及这些属性对其形成的说明)，以及太阳风的演化。这些问题集中在(1)太阳起源位置，(2)等离子体释放，(3)加速，(4)重离子丰度和电荷态，(5)磁结构，(6)阿尔芬波，(7)湍流，(8)分布函数演化，和(9)高能粒子输运。在这九个问题上，我们对未来的进展提出了建议，展望了在不久的将来，利用帕克太阳探测器、太阳轨道器、丹尼尔·K·井上太阳望远镜(DKIST)以及统一日冕和日光层的偏振仪(PUCK)的数据可能完成的工作。人们呼吁改进测量，进行更高分辨率的模拟，并推动等离子体物理理论的进步。
In situ measurements of the solar wind have been available for almost 60 years, and in that time plasma physics simulation capabilities have commenced and ground‐based solar observations have expanded into space‐based solar observations. These observations and simulations have yielded an increasingly improved knowledge of fundamental physics and have delivered a remarkable understanding of the solar wind and its complexity. Yet there are longstanding major unsolved questions. Synthesizing inputs from the solar wind research community, nine outstanding questions of solar wind physics are developed and discussed in this commentary. These involve questions about the formation of the solar wind, about the inherent properties of the solar wind (and what the properties say about its formation), and about the evolution of the solar wind. The questions focus on (1) origin locations on the Sun, (2) plasma release, (3) acceleration, (4) heavy‐ion abundances and charge states, (5) magnetic structure, (6) Alfven waves, (7) turbulence, (8) distribution‐function evolution, and (9) energetic‐particle transport. On these nine questions we offer suggestions for future progress, forward looking on what is likely to be accomplished in near future with data from Parker Solar Probe, from Solar Orbiter, from the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST), and from Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere (PUNCH). Calls are made for improved measurements, for higher‐resolution simulations, and for advances in plasma physics theory.