BULLY VICTIM PROBLEMS AMONG MIDDLE SCHOOL-CHILDREN
BULLY VICTIM PROBLEMS AMONG MIDDLE SCHOOL-CHILDREN
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2044-8279.1992.tb01000.x
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发表时间：
1992-02-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
UNDERWOOD, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOULTON, MJ;UNDERWOOD, K
通过Olweus的欺凌自报调查问卷，对三所中学的6个班的8-9岁儿童和6个班的11-12岁儿童的欺凌/受害人问题进行了调查。 大约 21% 的儿童表示受到欺凌，大约 17% 的儿童表示“有时”或更频繁地欺凌他人。 有关欺凌和被欺凌的报告在男孩中比在女孩中更普遍，在年轻群体中比在年长群体中更普遍。 据报道，两种最常见的欺凌形式是戏弄和打/踢。 与年长组相比，年轻组中被同龄学生欺负的人较少，而年轻组中被年长学生欺负的人则更多。 大多数男孩只被其他男孩欺负，而女孩更有可能被任何性别的孩子欺负。 除了在学校受到欺凌外，孩子们还报告说，这种情况也发生在上下学的路上以及其他地方，例如在他们居住的街道附近。 许多孩子对欺凌行为表示消极态度，尽管近三分之一的孩子表示他们可以理解为什么会发生欺凌行为。 大多数报告受到欺凌/欺凌他人的孩子没有被老师或家里的人谈论过此事。 研究发现，欺凌的受害者（而非欺凌者）最有可能在学校感到不快乐和孤独，并且好朋友较少。 在研究 2 中，对被确定为欺凌者、受害者且未卷入此类问题的儿童进行了访谈，以了解为什么某些儿童和/或他们自己欺负/被他人欺负，以及所涉及儿童的感受。 这三个群体的反应模式在一些重要方面有所不同。
Bully/victim problems among six classes of 8-9 year-old and six classes of 11-12 year-old children, attending three middle schools, were investigated by means of Olweus's self-report Bullying Inventory. About 21 per cent of the children reported being bullied, and about 17 per cent reported bullying others, "sometimes" or more often. Reports of both bullying and being bullied were more prevalent among boys than among girls, and among the younger group than among the older group. The two most common forms of bullying were reported to be teasing and hitting/kicking. Fewer of the younger group than the older group reported being bullied by same-age pupils, and more of the former reported being bullied by older pupils. Most boys were bullied by other boys only, whereas girls were more likely to be bullied by children of either sex. Besides being bullied in school, children also reported that this happened on the journey to/from school and in other places such as in the street near where they live. Many children expressed negative attitudes towards bullying, although nearly a third said that they could understand why it happens. The majority of the children who reported being bullied/bullying others had not been spoken to about this by teachers or by someone at home. Victims of bullying, but not bullies, were found to be most likely to report feeling unhappy and lonely at school, and to report having fewer good friends. In Study 2, children identified as bullies, victims and not involved in this type of problem were interviewed to find out why certain children and/or themselves bully/get bullied by others, and the feelings of the children involved. The pattern of responses by the three groups differed in some important ways.