Pollination activity affects selection on floral longevity in the autumnal-flowering plant, Narcissus serotinus L.
Pollination activity affects selection on floral longevity in the autumnal-flowering plant, Narcissus serotinus L.
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DOI：
10.1139/b11-110
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Draper, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marques, Isabel;Draper, David
花朵寿命，即花朵保持开放的时间，是植物繁殖适应性的关键因素。尽管被子植物物种之间的寿命差异很大，但在不可预测或稀缺的授粉活动下，较长的花寿命可能是一种选择优势。这项研究在水仙（石蒜科）中检验了这一假设，这是一种在秋季雨季开花的小型地中海土生植物。连续三年在三个自然种群中进行的田间实验表明，N. serotinus 在未授粉时具有延长花朵寿命的能力。授粉开放时间较长的花朵比年轻的花朵具有更高的繁殖适应性。随着 N. serotinus 花朵的老化，授粉模式发生了变化，因为蝴蝶访问花朵的次数变得越来越少，并被一种小型花粉甲虫取代。鉴于有花粉限制的证据，并且该物种只产生一朵花，我们建议选择延长花寿命，因为它可以确保在昆虫稀少的情况下授粉成功。
Flower longevity, the period of time that a flower remains open, is a crucial factor in plant reproductive fitness. Though longevity varies substantially among angiosperm species, longer flower longevities may be a selective advantage under unpredictable or scarce pollination activity. This study examined this hypothesis in Narcissus serotinus L. (Amaryllidaceae), a small Mediterranean geophyte that blooms during the autumnal rainy season. Field experiments performed in three natural populations through 3 consecutive years shows that N. serotinus has the ability to expand flower longevity when pollination has not occurred. Flowers that were open longer to pollination have higher reproductive fitness than younger flowers. As N. serotinus flowers age, there was a shift in pollination patterns since flower visits by butterflies became scarcer and are replaced by one small pollen beetle. Given that there was evidence of pollen limitation and that this species produces one single flower, we suggest that extended flower longevity is selected because it assures pollination success under scarce insect visits.