The automatic evaluation of novel stimuli
The automatic evaluation of novel stimuli
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9280.00490
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Chaiken, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duckworth, KL;Bargh, JA;Chaiken, S
从心理学的经典理论和研究中，我们提炼出一个广泛的理论陈述，即评价性反应可以是即时的，无意的，隐含的，基于刺激的，并直接与接近和回避动机有关。这一陈述表明，评价性反应应该由新颖的、非代表性的刺激（例如，抽象艺术，“外国”的话）。我们通过结合相关自动情感研究范式的最佳特征来验证这一假设。我们首先获得了明确的评价评级的新刺激。从这些，我们选择了规范的积极和消极的刺激作为启动在顺序启动范式。两个实验使用这种范式表明，简要介绍了新的启动刺激自动评估，因为他们促进了反应，随后提出的目标刺激的相同效价一样多的图片或名称的真实的对象。最后一个实验表明，暴露于新的刺激会产生肌肉倾向于接近或避免它们。
From classic theory and research in psychology, we distill a broad theoretical statement that evaluative responding can be immediate, unintentional, implicit, stimulus based, and linked directly to approach and avoidance motives. This statement suggests that evaluative responses should be elicited by novel, nonrepresentational stimuli (e.g., abstract art, "foreign" words). We tested this hypothesis through combining the best features of relevant automatic-affect research paradigms. We first obtained explicit evaluative ratings of novel stimuli. From these, we selected normatively positive and negative stimuli to use as primes in a sequential priming paradigm. Two experiments using this paradigm demonstrated that briefly presented novel prime stimuli were evaluated automatically, as they facilitated responses to subsequently presented target stimuli of the same valence just as much as did pictures or names of real objects. A final experiment revealed that exposure to novel stimuli produces muscular predispositions to approach or avoid them.