Long-term nitrogen fertilization decreases bacterial diversity and favors the growth of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in agro-ecosystems across the globe
Long-term nitrogen fertilization decreases bacterial diversity and favors the growth of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in agro-ecosystems across the globe
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.14163
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Xu, Jianming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dai, Zhongmin;Su, Weiqin;Xu, Jianming
长期人为氮素输入可能导致土壤酸化和作物减产，但地下微生物群落对长期氮素单独输入或与磷、钾联合输入的响应尚不清楚。我们探讨了长期的N和NPK施肥对土壤细菌多样性和社区组成的影响，使用全球数据集的荟萃分析。施氮降低了土壤pH值，提高了土壤有机碳和碱解氮含量。单施氮肥降低了细菌分类多样性，但NPK施肥增加。施氮对土壤细菌多样性的影响因土壤质地和水分管理而异，但与作物类型或施氮量无关。单施氮肥条件下，土壤细菌多样性的变化与土壤pH和有机碳含量均呈正相关，而NPK施肥条件下，细菌多样性变化仅与土壤有机碳含量呈正相关。在长期施氮条件下，土壤微生物生物量C随土壤细菌多样性的降低而降低。施氮增加了变形菌和放线菌的相对丰度，但减少了酸细菌的丰度，与细菌的一般生活史策略理论相一致。施氮量与放线菌相对丰度之间的正相关表明，增加施氮量有利于放线菌的生长。这是第一次对长期氮和氮磷钾施肥差异影响细菌多样性和群落组成的全球分析，为全球农业生态系统中维持地下微生物多样性的营养管理策略提供了参考。
Long-term elevated nitrogen (N) input from anthropogenic sources may cause soil acidification and decrease crop yield, yet the response of the belowground microbial community to long-term N input alone or in combination with phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) is poorly understood. We explored the effect of long-term N and NPK fertilization on soil bacterial diversity and community composition using meta-analysis of a global dataset. Nitrogen fertilization decreased soil pH, and increased soil organic carbon (C) and available N contents. Bacterial taxonomic diversity was decreased by N fertilization alone, but was increased by NPK fertilization. The effect of N fertilization on bacterial diversity varied with soil texture and water management, but was independent of crop type or N application rate. Changes in bacterial diversity were positively related to both soil pH and organic C content under N fertilization alone, but only to soil organic C under NPK fertilization. Microbial biomass C decreased with decreasing bacterial diversity under long-term N fertilization. Nitrogen fertilization increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, but reduced the abundance of Acidobacteria, consistent with the general life history strategy theory for bacteria. The positive correlation between N application rate and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria indicates that increased N availability favored the growth of Actinobacteria. This first global analysis of long-term N and NPK fertilization that differentially affects bacterial diversity and community composition provides a reference for nutrient management strategies for maintaining belowground microbial diversity in agro-ecosystems worldwide.