An ecological partition of the Atlantic Ocean and its adjacent seas
An ecological partition of the Atlantic Ocean and its adjacent seas
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2019.02.014
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Helaouet, Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaugrand, Gregory;Edwards, Martin;Helaouet, Pierre
过去，对全球海洋的划分通常使用相对较少的环境或生物变量。虽然这样的分区无疑是有用的，在全球范围内，我们表明，在流域尺度上，大量的生物变量的使用大大提高了分区的准确性。我们首先使用一组选定的环境变量，如温度，水深，在海底的光，海冰浓度，流速和盐度确定远洋生境。然后，我们使用连续浮游生物记录仪（CPR调查）的生物数据，以2度纬度x 2度经度和0.5度x 0.5度的空间分辨率划分北大西洋及其邻近海域。我们使用了1946年至2015年间采样的238种浮游生物或分类群，代表了超过6000万个数据点。最后，我们结合这三个地理学一起提出了一个新的生态划分北大西洋及其邻近海域的生态单元（EUs）和生态区。我们的分区与Longhurst提出的生物地球化学地理学的比较揭示了生物群落和省的位置和大小的实质性差异，特别是在大陆架上。特别是，三个已知生物群落（即西风带、极地和大陆架生物群落）的边界与全球尺度的分类有很大不同。
In the past, partitions of the global ocean have been commonly carried out using relatively few environmental or biological variables. Although such partitions are undoubtedly useful on a global scale, we show that, at a basin scale, the use of a large number of biological variables greatly improves the accuracy of a partition. We first determined pelagic habitats using a set of selected environmental variables such as temperature, bathymetry, light at the seabed, sea ice concentration, current velocity and salinity. We then partitioned the North Atlantic Ocean and its adjacent seas at spatial resolutions of 2 degrees latitude x 2 degrees longitude and 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees using biological data from the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR survey). We used a total of 238 plankton species or taxa sampled between 1946 and 2015 representing more than 60 million data points. Finally, we combined the three biogeographies together to propose a new ecological partition of the North Atlantic and its adjacent seas into Ecological Units (EUs) and ecoregions. The comparison of our partition with the biogeochemical biogeography proposed by Longhurst reveals substantial differences in the location and size of biomes and provinces, especially over the continental shelf. In particular, boundaries of three known biomes (i.e. westerlies, polar and continental shelves biomes) differ substantially from the global-scale classifications.