Interleukin-6: molecular pathophysiology.
Interleukin-6: molecular pathophysiology.
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DOI：
10.1111/1523-1747.ep12874963
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发表时间：
1990-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Sehgal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Sehgal
细胞因子白细胞介素-6（IL-6）已成为一种主要的全身警报信号，似乎基本上由每个受损组织产生。最近的证据指出皮肤，特别是受伤的皮肤，作为IL-6产生的主要部位之一。IL-6基因调控的标志是其由炎症相关细胞因子、细菌产物、病毒感染和三种主要信号转导途径（二酰基甘油-、cAMP-和Ca（++）-激活的）中的任何一种激活的诱导。这些诱导剂中的许多主要通过IL-6启动子中的23-bp“多重应答元件”起作用。不同的细胞类型，包括角质形成细胞，分泌多种免疫后修饰形式的IL-6。反过来，这种细胞因子在激活旨在限制组织损伤的各种局部和全身宿主防御机制中起关键作用。因此，IL-6引起宿主的生物化学、生理学和免疫学状态的主要变化（例如，“急性期”血浆蛋白反应; B、T和NK细胞功能的活化）。IL-6增强人角质形成细胞和许多B细胞系的增殖，但抑制某些癌细胞系的增殖;然而，IL-6可以增强这些癌细胞的运动性。在急性和慢性感染、肿瘤形成、自身免疫性疾病和银屑病以及三度烧伤后，在人体体液中观察到IL-6水平升高。皮肤细胞成分产生的IL-6很可能是外部环境和环境之间沟通的重要手段。
The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) has emerged as a major systemic alarm signal which appears to be produced by essentially every injured tissue. Recent evidence points to the skin, particularly the injured skin, as one of the major sites of IL-6 production. The hallmark of IL-6 gene regulation is its induction by inflammation-associated cytokines, bacterial products, virus infection, and activation of any of the three major signal transduction pathways (diacylglycerol-, cAMP-, and Ca(++)-activated). Many of these inducers act largely through a 23-bp "multiple-response element" in the IL-6 promoter. Different cell types, including keratinocytes, secrete multiple post-translationally modified forms of IL-6. This cytokine, in turn, plays a key role in activating a variety of local and systemic host defense mechanisms that are aimed at limiting tissue injury. Thus, IL-6 elicits major changes in the biochemical, physiologic, and immunologic status of the host (e.g., the "acute phase" plasma protein response; activation of B, T, and NK-cell function). IL-6 enhances the proliferation of human keratinocytes and of many B-cell lines but inhibits that of certain carcinoma cell lines; nevertheless, IL-6 can enhance the motility of these carcinoma cells. Elevated levels of IL-6 are observed in human body fluids during acute and chronic infections, neoplasia, autoimmune diseases, and psoriasis and following third-degree burns. It is likely that IL-6 produced by cellular elements in the skin represents an important means of communication between the external environment and the millieu interieur.