Hypergravity Experiments to Evaluate Gravity Resistance Mechanisms in Plants
Hypergravity Experiments to Evaluate Gravity Resistance Mechanisms in Plants
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-2697-8_21
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hoson, Takayuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Soga, Kouichi;Yano, Sachiko;Hoson, Takayuki
由离心加速度产生的超重力是在地球上使重力加速度的大小持续足够时间的唯一实用方法，并已被用于分析重力反应的性质和机制，特别是植物的重力阻力。植物器官一般都能抵抗重力加速度。在10-300 x g的离心速度范围内产生的超重力，很容易由台式离心机产生，经常用于植物实验。离心后，将植物材料用合适的固定物固定在合适的样品储存容器中，如化学固定袋。然后根据实验的目的，用各种方法分析材料。用RNAlater (R)溶液固定的植物材料可以依次用于测定细胞壁的力学性质，用于RNA提取（这是基因表达分析所必需的），用于估计细胞壁蛋白的酶活性，以及用于测定细胞壁多糖的水平和组成。植物材料也可以直接用于细胞成分的显微观察，如皮层微管。
Hypergravity generated by centrifugal acceleration is the only practical method to modify the magnitude of gravitational acceleration for a sufficient duration on Earth and has been used to analyze the nature and mechanism of graviresponse, particularly gravity resistance, in plants. Plant organs are generally resistant to gravitational acceleration. Hypergravity produced from centrifugation speeds in the range of 10-300 x g, which is easily produced by a benchtop centrifuge, is often used during plant experiments. After centrifugation, the plant material is fixed with suitable fixatives in appropriate sample storage containers such as the Chemical Fixation Bag. The material is then analyzed with a variety of methods, depending on the purpose of the experiment. Plant material fixed with the RNAlater (R) solution can be sequentially used for determining the mechanical properties of the cell wall, for RNA extraction (which is necessary for gene expression analysis), for estimating the enzyme activity of the cell wall proteins, and for determining the levels as well as the compositions of cell wall polysaccharides. The plant material can also be used directly for microscopic observation of cellular components such as cortical microtubules.