Salutogenic health promotion program for migrant women at risk of social exclusion
Salutogenic health promotion program for migrant women at risk of social exclusion
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DOI：
10.1186/s12939-019-1032-0
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发表时间：
2019-09-03
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Juvinya-Canal, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bonmati-Tomas, A.;Malagon-Aguilera, M. C.;Juvinya-Canal, D.
背景 面临社会排斥风险的移徙妇女常常因性别、原籍国或社会经济地位而遭受健康不平等。为这一人群设计的传统健康促进计划侧重于满足他们的基本需求或改变生活方式。有益健康的健康模式可以提供一个新的视角，使健康促进计划能够减少健康不平等的影响。这项研究评估了一项有益健康促进计划的有效性，该计划的重点是增强面临社会排斥风险的移民妇女的权能。方法 为期 6 个月的四期有益健康促进计划。在准实验性的测试前测试后设计中，对 26 名女性进行了一份临时问卷，以收集社会人口统计数据，以及 5 个经过验证的工具：安东诺夫斯基一致性感 (SOC-13)、杜克-UNC-11（感知社会支持）、生活质量简表-36 (SF-36)、罗森伯格自尊量表和科恩等人量表。感知压力量表 (PSS-10)。进行了描述性分析和多元线性回归模型。统计检验被认为具有显着性，双尾 p 值 < 0.05。结果 参与者的初始 SOC-13 分数较低（60.36；SD 8.16），在健康促进计划后没有显示出显着变化。感知的社会支持 (37.07; SD 6.28) 和心理生活质量也保持不变，而身体生活质量从 50.84 (SD 4.60) 增加到 53.08 (SD 5.31) (p = 0.049)。自尊呈上升趋势，从 30.14 (SD 4.21) 到 31.92 (SD 4.38) (p = 0.120)。感知压力从 20.57 (SD 2.91) 下降至 18.38 (SD 3.78) (p = 0.016)。在项目结束时，在 SOC-13 和生活质量初始得分较低、感知压力初始得分较高的女性中观察到了更大的效果。结论 健康促进计划减少了感知压力，提高了身体生活质量，并显示出增强自尊的趋势，特别是对于具有多种脆弱因素的流动妇女而言。健康有益模式应被视为适用于健康促进计划的良好做法，并纳入减少流动人口健康不平等的国家政策。
Background Migrant women at risk of social exclusion often experience health inequities based on gender, country of origin or socioeconomic status. Traditional health promotion programs designed for this population have focused on covering their basic needs or modifying lifestyle behaviors. The salutogenic model of health could offer a new perspective enabling health promotion programs to reduce the impact of health inequities. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a salutogenic health promotion program focused on the empowerment of migrant women at risk of social exclusion. Methods A four-session salutogenic health promotion program was conducted over a period of 6 months. In a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design, an ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 26 women to collect sociodemographic data, together with 5 validated instruments: Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence (SOC-13), Duke-UNC-11 (perceived social support), Quality of Life Short Form-36 (SF-36), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and the Cohen et al. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression models were performed. Statistical tests were considered significant with a two-tailed p value < 0.05. Results Participants had a low initial SOC-13 score (60.36; SD 8.16), which did not show significant change after the health promotion program. Perceived social support (37.07; SD 6.28) and mental quality of life also remained unchanged, while physical quality of life increased from 50.84 (SD 4.60) to 53.08 (SD 5.31) (p = 0.049). Self-esteem showed an increasing trend from 30.14 (SD 4.21) to 31.92 (SD 4.38) (p = 0.120). Perceived stress decreased from 20.57 (SD 2.91) to 18.38 (SD 3.78) (p = 0.016). A greater effect was observed at the end of the program in women with lower initial scores for SOC-13 and quality of life and higher initial scores of perceived stress. Conclusions The health promotion program reduced perceived stress, increased physical quality of life and showed a trend toward increased self-esteem, especially among migrant women with multiple vulnerability factors. The salutogenic model of health should be considered as a good practice to apply in health promotion programs and to be included in national policies to reduce health inequity in migrant populations.