Crossability of Triticum urartu and Triticum monococcum Wheats, Homoeologous Recombination, and Description of a Panel of Interspecific Introgression Lines
Crossability of Triticum urartu and Triticum monococcum Wheats, Homoeologous Recombination, and Description of a Panel of Interspecific Introgression Lines
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DOI：
10.1534/g3.114.013623
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Salamini, Francesco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fricano, Agostino;Brandolini, Andrea;Salamini, Francesco
单粒小麦（基因组A(m)）和乌拉尔图小麦（基因组A(u)）是二倍体小麦，前者在新石器时代被驯化，后者是野生种。在一份种质资料中，发现了存在单粒绦虫等位基因的珍稀野生乌拉尔图绦虫系。这激发了我们在单孢霉中开发乌拉尔霉种间渗入系的兴趣，这是一种目前在几种作物物种中实施的育种工具。此外，实验报告旨在揭示A(m)/A(u)中间形式在自然界的存在，并澄清这两个物种是否至少在性方面是相容的。通过手工制作的种间杂交，以单球菌为种子亲本获得了几乎不育的F-1植株。然而，在一些高级代中，特别是当乌拉尔图T. urartu的供体在分子上与单粒T.更接近时，高度的生育能力是明显的。标记群体分析表明F-1杂交植株存在染色体配对和重组现象。以一株具有若干优良农艺性状的单球绦虫为反复亲本，开发了46个渐渗系。在单球菌分子图谱中对A(u)和A(m)基因组进行微卫星标记测试，并用于表征每个渗入系中存在的外来DNA片段。通过对28个种间基因渗入系的分析，证实了乌拉尔土种子中类胡萝卜素、叶黄素、隐黄质和锌的含量存在与染色体片段相关的遗传变异。综述了现有渗入系的分子状态。
Triticum monococcum (genome A(m)) and T. urartu (genome A(u)) are diploid wheats, with the first having been domesticated in the Neolithic Era and the second being a wild species. In a germplasm collection, rare wild T. urartu lines with the presence of T. monococcum alleles were found. This stimulated our interest to develop interspecific introgression lines of T. urartu in T. monococcum, a breeding tool currently implemented in several crop species. Moreover, the experiments reported were designed to reveal the existence in nature of A(m)/A(u) intermediate forms and to clarify whether the two species are at least marginally sexually compatible. From hand-made interspecific crosses, almost-sterile F-1 plants were obtained when the seed-bearing parent was T. monococcum. A high degree of fertility was, however, evident in some advanced generations, particularly when T. urartu donors were molecularly more related to T. monococcum. Analysis of the marker populations demonstrated chromosome pairing and recombination in F-1 hybrid plants. Forty-six introgression lines were developed using a line of T. monococcum with several positive agronomic traits as a recurrent parent. Microsatellite markers were tested on A(u) and A(m) genomes, ordered in a T. monococcum molecular map, and used to characterize the exotic DNA fragments present in each introgression line. In a test based on 28 interspecific introgression lines, the existence of genetic variation associated with T. urartu chromosome fragments was proven for the seed content of carotenoids, lutein, beta-cryptoxanthin, and zinc. The molecular state of available introgression lines is summarized.