Altitudinal and Chiral Signature of Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides in Air, Soil, and Spruce Needles (Picea abies) of the Alps
Altitudinal and Chiral Signature of Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides in Air, Soil, and Spruce Needles (Picea abies) of the Alps
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DOI：
10.1021/es801782n
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Schramm, Karl-Werner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shen, Heqing;Henkelmann, Bernhard;Schramm, Karl-Werner
本研究调查了选定的手性持久性有机氯农药 (OCP) 在阿尔卑斯山的分布、运输和生物降解。在复杂的环境中，我们发现OCP的运动和命运可以由多种因素决定。以HCE为例，在林线以下，其从空气到SPMD的积累随着海拔高度和季节变化而增加，但在林线以上，趋势发生逆转。在土壤中，HCE浓度与有机物质的变化趋势遵循S形曲线，HCE浓度与海拔高度的相关性在阿尔卑斯山中部为正相关，而在阿尔卑斯山南部为负相关。土壤中的 HCE 对映体比率 (ER) 与 HCE 异构体浓度、腐殖质 pH 值和采样点海拔相关。 HCE 从腐殖质到矿质土的转变也可以通过 ER 来追踪。针状体的海拔和纵向趋势表明，甲型六氯环己烷在阿尔卑斯山的运动比六氯乙烯更复杂。总之，海拔传导的凝结、植物冠层、土壤中的有机物质以及地理特定的降水可能会影响 OCP 的分布和运输，而海拔传导的温度和土壤 pH 值可能决定它们在环境中的命运。
The present study investigated the distribution, transportation, and biodegradation of the selected chiral persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCP) in the Alps. In the complex environment, we found the movement and fate of OCP could be defined by many factors. Taking HCE as an example, below the timberline its accumulation from air into SPMD increased with altitude and seasonally changed, but the trends reversed above the timberline. In soil, the tendency of HCE concentrations vs organic materials followed a sigmoid curve, and HCE concentration-altitude correlations are positive in central Alps but negative in southern Alps. The HCE enantiomeric ratios (ERs) in soil correlated to HCE isomers concentrations, the humus pH values, and the sampling site altitudes. HCE shift from humus to mineral soil can also be traced by ERs. The altitudinal and longitudinal trends in needles suggested that (alpha-HCH has a more complex movement than HCE in Alps. In conclusion, altitude conducted condensation, plant canopies, organic material in soil, and geographic specific precipitations may affect OCP distributions and transportation, whereas altitude conducted temperature and soil pH could dictate their fate in the environment.