SPEED AND KNOWLEDGE AS DETERMINANTS OF ADULT AGE-DIFFERENCES IN VERBAL TASKS
SPEED AND KNOWLEDGE AS DETERMINANTS OF ADULT AGE-DIFFERENCES IN VERBAL TASKS
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DOI：
10.1093/geronj/48.1.p29
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
SALTHOUSE, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SALTHOUSE, TA
进行了两项研究，以确定处理速度和知识作为年轻人和老年人样本中简单语言任务表现的预测因素的相对重要性。研究了八个不同的标准任务，发现每个任务的表现都与处理速度和单词知识量显着相关。研究还发现，尽管年轻人比老年人跑得快，并且老年人在相关知识方面等于或优于年轻人，但可以使用相同的回归方程来预测两组的标准表现。因此，这些结果表明，这些任务中存在的任何与年龄相关的补偿都相当弱，因为速度和知识似乎对年轻人和老年人具有相同的重要性，并且只有预测因子的平均水平作为年龄的函数而有所不同。
Two studies were conducted to determine the relative importance of processing speed and knowledge as predictors of performance in simple verbal tasks within samples of young and old adults. Eight different criterion tasks were investigated, and performance on each was found to be significantly related both to speed of processing and to quantity of word knowledge. It was also discovered that although young adults were faster than old adults and that old adults were equal or superior to young adults in relevant knowledge, the same regression equations could be used to predict criterion performance in both groups. These results therefore suggest that any age-related compensation that exists in these tasks is rather weak, in the sense that speed and knowledge appear to have the same importance in young and old adults, and only the average levels of the predictors differ as a function of age.