Pesticides Distribution in Sediments of a Tropical Coastal Lagoon Adjacent to an Irrigation District in Northwest Mexico
Pesticides Distribution in Sediments of a Tropical Coastal Lagoon Adjacent to an Irrigation District in Northwest Mexico
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墨西哥西北部灌溉区附近热带沿海泻湖沉积物中农药的分布
DOI：
10.1080/09593332308618323
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
A. Botello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. González;X. C. Estrada;C. F. Ruíz;G. D. González;A. Botello
这项工作提出了有机氯（OC）农药的沉积物中的含量，农业排水从灌溉区076，埃尔卡里佐，锡那罗亚，和相邻的沿海泻湖生态系统的Agiabampo，Bacorehuis，Jitzamuri，位于墨西哥西北部。对该灌区的农民进行了问卷调查，以评估农药的使用情况，并确定是否仍在使用禁用的有机氯农药。在秋冬周期（1997-1998年），大约使用了31吨有效成分。有18种不同的农药;其中61%是杀虫剂，28%是除草剂，6%是杀真菌剂，6%是其他化合物。约73%的农药是有机磷、氨基甲酸酯和硫，有机氯农药仍在使用，占总量的4%。灌区使用的农药均在《农药目录》中得到批准，但在沉积物样品中检出了禁用和限用化合物。七氯、七氯环氧化物、α-硫丹、β-硫丹、硫丹硫酸盐、α-HCH、β-HCH、林丹、δ-HCH的存在。沉积物中检出艾氏剂、狄氏剂、p，p′-DDT、p，p′-DDE和p，p′-DDD。沉积物的分析表明，主要的农药输入到沿海生态系统主要是通过七个农业排水沟，收集多余的灌溉水和径流区表面。沉积物中农药残留的梯度从农业排水沟（52 ng OCs g−1干重）到Jitzamuri湾（32 ng OCs g−1干重）。
This work presents the content of organochlorine (OCs) pesticides in sediments of both, agricultural drains from the Irrigation District 076, El Carrizo, Sinaloa, and of the adjacent coastal lagoon ecosystem of Agiabampo-Bacorehuis-Jitzamuri, located in northwest Mexico. A questionnaire was applied to the farmers of this irrigation district, to evaluate the usage of pesticides and to determine if banned OCs are still used. Around 31 tons of active ingredients were applied in the autumn-winter cycle (1997-1998). There were eighteen different pesticides; of them 61% are insecticides, 28% herbicides, 6% fungicides and 6% other compounds. Around 73% of the pesticides applied are organophosphorus, carbamates and sulfur, OCs are still applied and represent 4% of the total. All the pesticides applied in the irrigation district are authorized in the Official Pesticide Catalog, nevertheless forbidden and restricted compounds were detected in the sediment samples. The presence of heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, α-endosulfan, β-endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, α-HCH, β-HCH, lindane, δ-HCH. aldrin, dieldrin, p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDD was recorded in the sediment sample. The analysis of the sediments suggest that the principal pesticides input to the coastal ecosystem is mainly through three of the seven agricultural drains, that collect the excess irrigation water and runoff from the district surface. A gradient of pesticide residues in sediments exists from the agricultural drains (52 ng OCs g−1 dry weight) to the Jitzamuri bay (32 ng OCs g−1 dry weight).