Mesoscopic Rydberg-blockaded ensembles in the superatom regime and beyond
Mesoscopic Rydberg-blockaded ensembles in the superatom regime and beyond
复制标题
超原子体系及其他范围内的介观里德伯封锁系综
DOI：
10.1038/nphys3214
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
H. Ott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T.M. Weber;M. Höning;T. Niederprüm;T. Manthey;O. Thomas;V. Guarrera;M. Fleischhauer;G. Barontini;H. Ott
对强相互作用的多体系统的控制能够创造出具有复杂特性的定制量子物质。光学驱动到里德伯态的原子系综提供了许多例子：原子-原子纠缠、多体拉比振荡、强光子-光子相互作用和空间对相关。在其最基本的形式里，里德伯量子物质由空间上被限制在封闭体积内的强相互作用原子的孤立系综组成——一个超原子。本文通过精确的密度工程和激发里德伯态，证明了孤立介观超原子的受控产生和表征。它的可变大小允许研究从有效的两能级物理到多体现象的过渡。通过对连续激光诱导电离的监测，我们观察到阻滞条件下的强反束离子发射和非共振激励下的极束离子发射。我们的测量提供了对激励统计和动力学的见解。我们期待在量子光学和量子信息以及多体物理实验中的应用。
The control of strongly interacting many-body systems enables the creation of tailored quantum matter with complex properties. Atomic ensembles that are optically driven to a Rydberg state provide many examples for this: atom–atom entanglement,, many-body Rabi oscillations, strong photon–photon interaction and spatial pair correlations. In its most basic form Rydberg quantum matter consists of an isolated ensemble of strongly interacting atoms spatially confined to the blockade volume—a superatom. Here we demonstrate the controlled creation and characterization of an isolated mesoscopic superatom by means of accurate density engineering and excitation to Rydbergp-states. Its variable size allows the investigation of the transition from effective two-level physics to many-body phenomena. By monitoring continuous laser-induced ionization we observe a strongly anti-bunched ion emission under blockade conditions and extremely bunched ion emission under off-resonant excitation. Our measurements provide insights into both excitation statistics and dynamics. We anticipate applications in quantum optics and quantum information as well as many-body physics experiments.