In Vivo Evaluation of Wearable Head Impact Sensors.
In Vivo Evaluation of Wearable Head Impact Sensors.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10439-015-1423-3
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Camarillo DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu LC;Nangia V;Bui K;Hammoor B;Kurt M;Hernandez F;Kuo C;Camarillo DB
惯性传感器通常用于测量人体头部运动。（R1-3）一些传感器已经通过假人或尸体实验进行了测试，结果好坏参半，并且缺乏在体内评估传感器的方法。在这里，我们提出了一种体内（R3-10）方法，使用高速视频在 6-13g（R1-20）矢状足球头撞击过程中测试安装在牙齿上（护齿套）、软组织安装（皮肤贴片）和头带安装（头盖骨）的传感器。通过与耳道参考的位移来量化与头骨 (R1-3) 的传感器耦合。护齿套的位移在视频测量误差范围内（<1 毫米），而皮肤贴片和头盖骨与耳道参考的位移分别达 4 毫米和 13 毫米。我们使用距颅骨位移最小的护齿套 (R1-5) 作为评估 6 自由度皮肤贴片和颅盖测量的参考。皮肤贴片（amag 的 NRMS 误差为 120%，αmag(R1–6) 的 NRMS 误差为 290%）和头盖骨（amag 的 NRMS 误差为 320%，αmag(R1–6) 的 NRMS 误差为 500%）过度预测了线性和旋转加速度大小。这种过度预测很大程度上是由于平面外运动造成的。为了对传感器误差进行建模，我们发现前后方向的面内皮肤贴片加速度峰值可以通过欠阻尼粘弹性系统进行建模。总之，护齿器表现出比其他传感器安装方法更紧密的颅骨耦合（R1-7）。此外，所提出的体内方法对于研究颅骨加速度传感器技术很有价值。
Inertial sensors are commonly used to measure human head motion.(R1–3) Some sensors have been tested with dummy or cadaver experiments with mixed results, and methods to evaluate sensors in vivo are lacking. Here we present an in vivo(R3–10) method using high speed video to test teeth-mounted (mouthguard), soft tissue-mounted (skin patch), and headgear-mounted (skull cap) sensors during 6–13g(R1–20) sagittal soccer head impacts. Sensor coupling to the skull (R1–3) was quantified by displacement from an ear-canal reference. Mouthguard displacements were within video measurement error (<1mm), while the skin patch and skull cap displaced up to 4mm and 13mm from the ear-canal reference, respectively. We used the mouthguard, which had the least displacement from skull (R1–5), as the reference to assess 6-degree-of-freedom skin patch and skull cap measurements. Linear and rotational acceleration magnitudes were over-predicted by both the skin patch (with 120% NRMS error for amag, 290% for αmag(R1–6)) and the skull cap (320% NRMS error for amag, 500% for αmag(R1–6)). Such over-predictions were largely due to out-of-plane motion. To model sensor error, we found that in-plane skin patch acceleration peaks in the anterior-posterior direction could be modeled by an underdamped viscoelastic system. In summary, the mouthguard showed tighter skull coupling than the other sensor mounting approaches(R1–7). Furthermore, the in vivo methods presented are valuable for investigating skull acceleration sensor technologies.