Electrical and thermal conductivity of Earth’s core and its thermal evolution—A review
Electrical and thermal conductivity of Earth’s core and its thermal evolution—A review
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地核的电导率和热导率及其热演化——综述
DOI：
10.1007/s11631-021-00523-w
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Yun Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuan Yin;Qingwen Zhang;Youjun Zhang;Shuangmeng Zhai;Yun Liu
地核由铁、镍和少量轻元素组成（例如，Si、S、O、C、N、H和P）。这些组分的热导率决定了地核中的绝热热流，而绝热热流与地球发电机密切相关。本文综述了铁及铁合金的导电性和导热性的大量研究，并讨论了它们对地核热演化的意义。总之，我们建议在极高压-温度（P-T）条件下（例如，地核），因为洛伦兹数。可能与P-T有关。迄今为止，铁和铁合金的热导率的差异仍然存在于电阻率测量和热扩散率模型之间，其中前者是系统性的。最近的研究通过第一性原理计算和直接测量来协调电阻率，这是解决这一差异的一个很好的开始。由于总的热导率比以前认为的高，内核年龄目前被限制在1.0 Ga。但芯中的轻元素可能会降低内核的导热系数，延长内核的结晶时间。同时，在内核形成之前，热对流能否为发电机提供能量，取决于内核中适当轻元素的含量。堆芯热演化模型的建立还需要进一步的工作。
The Earth’s core is composed of iron, nickel, and.a small amount of light elements (e.g., Si, S, O, C, N, H.and P). The thermal conductivities of these components.dominate the adiabatic heat flow in the core, which is.highly correlated to geodynamo. Here we review a large.number of studies on the electrical and thermal conductivity.of iron and iron alloys and discuss their implications.on the thermal evolution of the Earth’s core. In summary,.we suggest that the Wiedemann–Franz law, commonly.used to convert the electrical resistivity to thermal conductivity.for metals and alloys, should be cautiously.applied under extremely high pressure–temperature (P–T).conditions (e.g., Earth’s core) because the Lorentz number.may be P–T dependent. To date, the discrepancy in the.thermal conductivity of iron and iron alloys remains.between those from the resistivity measurements and.the thermal diffusivity modeling, where the former is systematically.larger. Recent studies reconcile the electrical.resistivity by first-principles calculation and direct measurements,.and this is a good start in resolving this.discrepancy. Due to an overall higher thermal conductivity.than previously thought, the inner core age is presently.constrained at *1.0 Ga. However, light elements in the.core would likely lower the thermal conductivity and prolong.the crystallization of the inner core. Meanwhile, whether.thermal convection can power the dynamo before the.inner core formation depends on the amounts of the proper.light elements in the core. More works are needed to.establish the thermal evolution model of the core.
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