Motor Cortex Is Functionally Organized as a Set of Spatially Distinct Representations for Complex Movements
Motor Cortex Is Functionally Organized as a Set of Spatially Distinct Representations for Complex Movements
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2500-14.2014
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发表时间：
2014-10-08
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Teskey, G. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Andrew R.;Teskey, G. Campbell
关于运动皮质的功能组织，存在长期的争论。皮质内微刺激(ICMS)研究根据刺激持续时间的不同，提供了两种截然不同的观点。在大鼠中，短持续时间的ICMS显示了两种空间分布的前肢运动表征，即吻侧前肢区(RFA)和尾侧前肢区(CFA)，引起相同的运动。相比之下，长持续时间的ICMS显示了空间分布的、复杂的、多关节的运动区，握力仅存在于吻部区域，手臂的伸展成形运动位于尾部区域。为了提供正确解释的佐证，我们使用可逆的皮质降温失活技术，在熟练的前肢行为过程中选择性地灭活了RFA/GRASH区域。在RFA/GRAP区冷却失活期间，观察到在单粒回收任务和意大利面操作中的抓取能力显著受损，但CFA/ARM区没有。我们的结果表明，运动皮质是基于运动而不是基于肌肉的功能组织，并为灵长类动物和大鼠之间共享的独立抓取和到达回路的保守同源性提供了证据。
There is a long-standing debate regarding the functional organization of motor cortex. Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) studies have provided two contrasting views depending on the duration of stimulation. In the rat, short-duration ICMS reveals two spatially distributed forelimb movement representations, the rostral forelimb area (RFA) and caudal forelimb area (CFA), eliciting identical movements. In contrast, long-duration ICMS reveals spatially distributed, complex, multijoint movement areas, with grasping found exclusively in the rostral area and reach-shaping movements of the arm located in the caudal area. To provide corroboration for which interpretation is correct, we selectively inactivated the RFA/grasp area during the performance of skilled forelimb behaviors using a reversible cortical cooling deactivation technique. A significant impairment of grasping in the single-pellet retrieval task and manipulations of pasta was observed during cooling deactivation of the RFA/grasp area, but not the CFA/arm area. Our results indicate a movement-based, rather than a muscle-based, functional organization of motor cortex, and provide evidence for a conserved homology of independent grasp and reach circuitry shared between primates and rats.