Practitioners' impressions of patients with Parkinson's disease: the social ecology of the expressive mask
Practitioners' impressions of patients with Parkinson's disease: the social ecology of the expressive mask
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00213-2
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Lyons, KD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tickle-Degnen, L;Lyons, KD
帕金森病的表达面具，面部，身体和声音表达的自发性，强度和流动性降低，危及人际交往和生活质量。观察者很难感知面具背后的“真实的”人，导致沟通失败和误解。对这一困难的社会生态学解释是，观察者在日常社会生活中了解到，表达行为揭示了关于性格的有意义的信息，这是非常恰当的。这项研究的前提是，健康从业者，特别是新手，将把他们的日常感知倾向与破译字符的诊所。这项研究调查了新手和专家从业者对帕金森病患者个性的印象，这些患者在医疗采访中被录像。结果发现，从业者，尤其是新手，似乎是过于敏感的表达掩蔽时，形成的印象，病人外倾。他们错误地认为，掩蔽程度较高的患者比掩蔽程度较低的患者更不外倾。与专家相比，新手对神经质的印象尤其不准确。初学者错误地认为，更多的掩蔽患者更神经质，而专家往往是敏感的神经质的有效线索。从业者对患者尽责性的印象对掩盖不敏感，并且高度准确。(C)2003爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The expressive mask of Parkinson's disease, a reduced spontaneity, intensity, and fluidity of facial, bodily, and vocal expression, jeopardizes interpersonal interaction and quality of life. Observers have difficulty perceiving the "real" person behind the mask, leading to failed communication and misunderstanding. A social ecological explanation of this difficulty is that observers have learned in their daily social lives, and quite appropriately so, that expressive behavior reveals meaningful information about character. The premise of this study was that health practitioners, especially novices, would bring into the clinic their everyday perceptual tendencies related to deciphering character. The study examined novice and expert practitioners' impressions of the personality of patients with Parkinson's disease who were videotaped during a healthcare interview. It was found that practitioners, especially novices, appeared to be overly sensitive to expressive masking when forming impressions about patient extraversion. They incorrectly perceived patients with more masking to be less extraverted than patients with less masking. Novice practitioners were particularly inaccurate in their impressions of neuroticism compared to experts. Novices incorrectly perceived patients with more masking as being more neurotic, whereas experts tended to be sensitive to valid cues of neuroticism. Practitioners' impressions of patient conscientiousness were not sensitive to masking and were highly accurate. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.