Plant meristems: CLAVATA3/ESR-related signaling in the shoot apical meristem and the root apical meristem
Plant meristems: CLAVATA3/ESR-related signaling in the shoot apical meristem and the root apical meristem
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DOI：
10.1007/s10265-008-0207-3
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
H. Miwa;Atsuko Kinoshita;H. Fukuda;S. Sawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Miwa;Atsuko Kinoshita;H. Fukuda;S. Sawa
植物的茎顶端分生组织（SAM）和根顶端分生组织（RAM）是由未分化的多能干细胞群体自我更新组成的独特结构。SAM产生胚后器官的所有地上部分，RAM促进根的连续生长。尽管SAM和RAM的结构不同，但干细胞维持所需的信号成分似乎相对保守。这两种分生组织都利用细胞间的通讯来维持适当的分生活动和分生组织，并协调新器官的形成。在SAM中，分生组织的一个重要调节机制是WUSCHEL（WUS）和CLAVATA（CLV）之间的调节环，它以非细胞自主的方式发挥作用。这种细胞间信号网络协调组织中心、器官边界和远端器官的发育。CLAVATA 3/ESR（CLE）相关基因产生信号肽，在SAM分生组织调控中发挥非细胞自主作用。在RAM中，有人提出类似的机制可以调节分生组织的维持，但这些功能在很大程度上是未知的。在这里，我们概述了SAM中干细胞维持的WUS-CLV信号网络和RAM维持的相关机制。我们还讨论了各种植物干细胞的调控系统的保护。
The plant meristems, shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM), are unique structures made up of a self-renewing population of undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells. The SAM produces all aerial parts of postembryonic organs, and the RAM promotes the continuous growth of roots. Even though the structures of the SAM and RAM differ, the signaling components required for stem cell maintenance seem to be relatively conserved. Both meristems utilize cell-to-cell communication to maintain proper meristematic activities and meristem organization and to coordinate new organ formation. In SAM, an essential regulatory mechanism for meristem organization is a regulatory loop betweenWUSCHEL(WUS) andCLAVATA(CLV), which functions in a non-cell-autonomous manner. This intercellular signaling network coordinates the development of the organization center, organ boundaries and distant organs. TheCLAVATA3/ESR(CLE)-related genes produce signal peptides, which act non-cell-autonomously in the meristem regulation in SAM. In RAM, it has been suggested that a similar mechanism can regulate meristem maintenance, but these functions are largely unknown. Here, we overview theWUS–CLVsignaling network for stem cell maintenance in SAM and a related mechanism in RAM maintenance. We also discuss conservation of the regulatory system for stem cells in various plant species.