Microbial biotechnology meets environmental microbiology.
Microbial biotechnology meets environmental microbiology.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009.00090_11.x
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发表时间：
2009-03
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Smith TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murrell JC;Smith TJ
微生物世界的规模超出了我们的想象。在去年的水晶球文章中，Tom Curtis将微生物世界的大小与宇宙的大小进行了比较，指出世界上微生物的数量是天空中恒星数量的数十亿倍（Curtis，2007）。毫无疑问，这种无限的微生物生物多样性为丰富我们已知酶的库提供了巨大的希望，许多新的酶等待发现。新的复杂测序技术的发展，包括454焦磷酸测序仪和Solexa技术，允许积累极大量的序列信息。这些快速积累的信息将使微生物学家、生物信息学家和系统生物学家能够对微生物谱系进行广泛的调查，从而描述新的代谢途径，并确定新的调控机制。这些数据也是我们寻找新酶的宝贵资源。然而，我们如何在大海捞针中找到这些珍贵的针的问题仍然存在。也就是说，在微生物世界的巨大空间中找到新酶的最佳方法是什么？新酶的发现对于了解酶的进化、酶的结构-功能关系、酶催化的基本机制，甚至对于鉴定新的蛋白质折叠都是至关重要的。新型酶还可以作为催化工业化学合成反应的基石，从而作为通过大规模化学合成生产化学品的“清洁”替代品。目前，在许多不同的行业，包括制药和农业行业，迫切需要新的高度稳健的酶作为生物催化剂。为了研究和工业应用，显着扩展已知酶的全部功能的梦想目前是深入研究的主题，并且将
The size of the microbial world is beyond our imagination. In last year’s crystal ball article, Tom Curtis compared the size of the microbial world to the size of the universe pointing out that the number of microorganisms in the world is billions of times larger than the number of stars in the sky (Curtis, 2007). There is little doubt that such unlimited microbial biodiversity holds great promise for enriching our repertoire of known enzymes, with many novel enzymes awaiting discovery. The development of new sophisticated sequencing technologies, including the 454 pyrosequencer and Solexa technology, allow for accumulation of extremely large amounts of sequence information. Such rapidly accumulated information will allow microbiologists, bioinformaticians and system biologists to perform extensive surveys on microbial lineages, lead to the description of new metabolic pathways and allow for the identification of new regulatory mechanisms. These data also represent an invaluable resource in our quest for new enzymes. Still the question of how do we actually find these precious needles in the large haystack arises. Namely, what will be the best way to find new enzymes in the huge space that is the microbial world?The discovery of new enzymes is of ultimate importance for fundamental knowledge regarding enzyme evolution, enzyme structure-function relationships, basic mechanisms of enzyme catalysis and even for the identification of novel protein folds. Novel enzymes could also serve as corner stones in catalysing industrial chemical synthesis reactions, thus serving as ‘clean’alternatives for producing chemicals by large-scale chemical synthesis. Currently, new highly robust enzymes are urgently needed as biocatalysts in many different industries, including the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. The dream of significantly expanding the repertoire of known enzymes, both for research and industrial applications, is currently the subject of intensive research and will
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Schwarz, Sebastian;Waschkowitz, Tanja;Daniel, Rolf
通讯作者：
Daniel, Rolf