Plant viral translation strategies and disease resistance conferred by recessive host genes
Plant viral translation strategies and disease resistance conferred by recessive host genes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10327-016-0684-5
复制
发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Kuwata, Shigeru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuwata, Shigeru
病毒是专性的细胞内寄生虫，只能在活细胞内繁殖。当病毒进入宿主细胞时，衣壳必须被分解，病毒RNA转化为蛋白质，从而通过抑制宿主防御反应使病毒能够有效复制。一般来说，植物病毒的基因组大小比动物病毒的小，它们的基因组编码4-10个病毒蛋白。因此，大多数病毒蛋白是多功能的。植物病毒基因组及其编码蛋白因其组成简单而被广泛研究。正链RNA病毒感染性RNA转录系统的建立使得利用反向遗传方法对病毒蛋白的功能进行广泛的分析成为可能。为了分析病毒蛋白的功能，我们构建了黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)、烟草花叶病毒(TMV)、烟草条纹病毒(TSV)和苜蓿花叶病毒(AMV)等几种正链RNA植物病毒的感染性RNA转录系统。在研究TSV和AMV的感染性转录系统时，我意识到病毒蛋白的翻译启动在正链RNA病毒的生命周期中具有非常重要的意义。
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that can multiply only inside living cells. Upon entry of the virus into a host cell, the capsid must be disassembled, and viral RNAs translated into proteins, thereby enabling the virus to replicate efficiently by suppressing host defense responses. Generally, the genome sizes of plant viruses are smaller than those of animal viruses, and their genomes code for 4–10 viral proteins. Therefore, the majority of viral proteins are multifunctional. Because of their simple composition, plant virus genomes and their encoded proteins have been extensively studied. The establishment of infectious RNA transcription systems for positive-strand RNA viruses has enabled extensive analysis of the functions of viral proteins by reverse genetic approaches. To analyze the functions of viral proteins, I have constructed infectious RNA transcription systems for several positive-strand RNA plant viruses including cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tobacco streak virus (TSV), and alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). While dealing with infectious transcription systems for TSV and AMV, I realized that translation initiation of viral proteins has very important implications in the life cycle of the positivestrand RNA viruses.