Determinants of protein turnover in health and disease.
Determinants of protein turnover in health and disease.
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健康和疾病中蛋白质周转的决定因素。
DOI：
10.1159/000057344
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Price,SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newby,FD;Price,SR
蛋白质合成、蛋白质降解和氨基酸氧化受到严格调控，以保持健康个体的瘦体重。正常成年人对膳食蛋白质减少的适应性反应是支链氨基酸氧化减少，这增加了氨基酸的可用性。在肾病中，支链氨基酸氧化减少减少氨基酸需求，有助于补偿尿蛋白损失。相反，尿毒症和其他分解代谢疾病与由泛素-蛋白酶体蛋白水解途径和支链酮酸脱氢酶（支链氨基酸催化剂的限速酶）激活引起的肌肉萎缩相关。通过了解分解代谢状态下肌肉萎缩的过程，可以设计治疗干预措施来改善蛋白质平衡。
Protein synthesis, protein degradation, and amino acid oxidation are tightly regulated to preserve lean body mass in healthy individuals. An adaptative response to a reduction in dietary protein in normal adults is decreased branched-chain amino acid oxidation which increases the availability of amino acids. In nephrosis, reduced branched-chain amino acid oxidation decreases amino acid requirements and helps to compensate for urinary protein loss. Conversely, uremia and other catabolic diseases are associated with muscle wasting resulting from activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway and branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme for branched-chain amino acid catabolism. By understanding the processes responsible for muscle wasting in catabolic states, therapeutic interventions may be designed to improve protein balance.