Effects of land use at a landscape scale on bumblebee nest density and survival
Effects of land use at a landscape scale on bumblebee nest density and survival
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01872.x
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Darvill, Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goulson, Dave;Lepais, Olivier;Darvill, Ben
1. 随着时间的推移，我们对景观尺度因素如何影响野生大黄蜂巢的成功知之甚少。在这里，我们首次使用分子标记来估计巢穴数量的季节内变化。2． 5月下旬至6月下旬和7月下旬至8月下旬在耕地中对两种熊蜂的工蜂进行了采样，并估计了每个样本中代表的巢穴数量。我们比较了可用于估计此类样本中巢穴数量的方法，并得出结论，考虑到捕获巢穴概率的异质性的方法最适合我们的数据。通过两个时间点巢穴数量的变化来推断巢穴的存活率。 3．随着时间的推移，这两种蜜蜂的存活率似乎存在显着差异，估计宝石熊蜂 (Bombus lapidarius) 的巢穴存活率为 45%，而巴氏熊蜂 (B. pascuorum) 的巢穴存活率为 91%。然而，我们的数据表明，B. pascuorum 的觅食范围在晚季可能更大，这将导致我们高估该物种的巢穴存活率。生存差异也可能反映了两个物种之间物候的差异。4．对巢数和存活率影响最一致的土地利用类别是花园；对于 B. lapidarius 来说，750 和 1000 米半径内的花园面积对巢的存活有积极影响，而对于 B. pascuorum 来说，在 500 和 750 米半径内有更多花园的地点，后期样本中的巢数量更高。对于B. pascuorum，250 和500 米半径范围内的草地面积也对晚期样本中的巢数产生积极影响，可能是因为这是该物种首选的筑巢栖息地。5．花园的重要性与之前的研究一致，这些研究表明花园现在为大黄蜂在贫困的农业环境中提供了据点；此外，我们的数据表明，花园对大黄蜂种群的积极影响可以蔓延到周围农田至少 1 公里范围内。6。合成与应用。即使是小面积的当地资源，例如粗糙的草地或三叶草地，也可能对熊蜂巢的数量和生存产生重大影响，这与传粉媒介管理策略的设计具有明显的相关性。
1. We have little idea how landscape-scale factors influence the success of wild bumblebee nests over time. Here for the first time we use molecular markers to estimate within-season changes in the numbers of nests.2. Workers of two bumblebee species were sampled in an arable landscape in late May-June and late July-August, and the numbers of nests represented in each sample were estimated. We compare the methods available to estimate nest number from such samples and conclude that methods which allow for heterogeneity in the probability of capture of nests provide the best fit to our data. Changes in numbers of nests at the two time points were used to infer nest survival.3. The two bee species appeared to differ markedly in survival over time, with estimates of 45% of nests surviving for Bombus lapidarius and 91% for B. pascuorum. However, our data suggest that the foraging range of B. pascuorum may be greater in late season, which would lead us to overestimate nest survival in this species. Differential survival may also reflect differences in phenology between the two species.4. The land use class which had the most consistent effects on nest number and survival was gardens; for B. lapidarius, the area of gardens within a 750 and 1000 mradius positively influenced nest survival, while for B. pascuorum, the number of nests in late samples was higher at sites with more gardens within a 500 and 750-m radius. For B. pascuorum, the area of grassland within a 250 and 500-mradius also positively influenced nest number in late samples, probably because this is the preferred nesting habitat for this species.5. The importance of gardens is in accordance with previous studies which suggest that they now provide a stronghold for bumblebees in an otherwise impoverished agricultural environment; furthermore, our data suggest that the positive influence of gardens on bumblebee populations can spill over at least 1 km into surrounding farmland.6. Synthesis and applications. The substantial effects that even small areas of local resources such as rough grassland or clover leys can have on bumblebee nest numbers and survival is of clear relevance for the design of pollinator management strategies.