Conserved cell types with divergent features in human versus mouse cortex
Conserved cell types with divergent features in human versus mouse cortex
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-019-1506-7
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发表时间：
2019-09-05
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Lein, Ed S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hodge, Rebecca D.;Bakken, Trygve E.;Lein, Ed S.
阐明人类大脑皮层的细胞结构对于理解我们的认知能力和对疾病的易感性至关重要。在此我们使用单核RNA测序分析对人类大脑皮层颞中回的细胞类型进行了全面的研究。我们确定了一组高度多样化的兴奋性和抑制性神经元类型，这些类型大多是稀疏的，兴奋性类型的层限制比预期的要少。与相似的小鼠皮层单细胞RNA测序数据集进行比较，揭示了一个令人惊讶的保守的细胞结构，它能够匹配同源类型并预测人类细胞类型的特性。尽管存在这种普遍的保守性，我们也发现了同源的人类和小鼠细胞类型之间的广泛差异，包括比例，层状分布，基因表达和形态的显着变化。这些物种特异性特征强调了直接研究人脑的重要性。
Elucidating the cellular architecture of the human cerebral cortex is central to understanding our cognitive abilities and susceptibility to disease. Here we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis to perform a comprehensive study of cell types in the middle temporal gyrus of human cortex. We identified a highly diverse set of excitatory and inhibitory neuron types that are mostly sparse, with excitatory types being less layer-restricted than expected. Comparison to similar mouse cortex single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets revealed a surprisingly well-conserved cellular architecture that enables matching of homologous types and predictions of properties of human cell types. Despite this general conservation, we also found extensive differences between homologous human and mouse cell types, including marked alterations in proportions, laminar distributions, gene expression and morphology. These species-specific features emphasize the importance of directly studying human brain.