Long-term variation in fruiting and the food habits of wild Japanese macaques on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan
Long-term variation in fruiting and the food habits of wild Japanese macaques on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20307
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Takatsuki, Seiki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsuji, Yamato;Fujita, Shiho;Takatsuki, Seiki
我们研究了日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata）的饮食习惯与坚果（毛毛豆，榉树，鹅耳枥属，和香榧），金华山岛，日本北方，从1997年至2005年，检查食物习惯和可用性的长期变化。猕猴的食性有明显的季节变化：春季（5 ~ 6月）以木本叶和花为主，夏季（7 ~ 8月）以木本叶和坚果以外的种子或果实为主，秋季（9 ~ 11月）以坚果和坚果以外的种子或果实为主，冬季（12 ~ 4月）以草本植物为主。坚果的可用性，桅杆物种的组合，和能源生产各不相同。不同年份的食物习惯不同，但不同季节的食物习惯的变化幅度不同，夏季和冬季的变化大，春季的变化小。夏季和冬季食物供应不足，但几年后，猴子能够在这些季节食用坚果。我们强调对温带动物的食物供应和饮食习惯进行长期研究的重要性。
We studied the relationship between the food habits of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) and the availability of nuts (Fagus crenata, Zelkova serrata, Carpinus spp., and Torreya nucifera) on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan, from 1997 to 2005 to examine the long-term variations in both food habits and availability. The food habits of the monkeys showed clear seasonal changes: the staple foods were woody leaves and flowers in spring (May and June), woody leaves and seeds or fruits other than nuts in summer (July and August), nuts and seeds or fruits other than nuts in fall (September-November), and herbaceous plants in winter (December-April). The availability of nuts, combinations of masting species, and energy production varied among years. Food habits varied among years, but the magnitude of variability of food habits differed among seasons, with large variability during summer and winter, and small variability in spring. Food availability was poor in summer and winter, but in several years the monkeys were able to consume nuts during those seasons. We emphasize the importance of conducting long-term studies on both food availability and the food habits of animals in the temperate zone.