Microbial communities contribute to the elimination of As, Fe, Mn, and NH4+ from groundwater in household sand filters.
Microbial communities contribute to the elimination of As, Fe, Mn, and NH4+ from groundwater in household sand filters.
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微生物群落有助于消除家用砂滤器中地下水中的 As、Fe、Mn 和 NH4
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156496
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Andreas Kappler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anh Van Le;Daniel Straub;Britta Planer-Friedrich;Stephan Hug;Sara Kleindienst;Andreas Kappler
在越南红河三角洲，家用滤砂器被广泛应用于去除地下水中的铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、砷(As)和铵(NH4+)。过滤器中的过程可能包括生物反应和非生物反应的组合。然而，关于处理不同地下水成分的微生物群落以及Fe(II)、Mn(II)、As(III)和NH4+的生物氧化是否对SFS的整体性能有贡献的信息有限。因此，我们分析了地下水组成从低(3.30μg L−1)到高(600μg L−1)的不同组成的地下水对超临界水的去除效率以及微生物群落及其潜在的活性。结果表明，Fe(II)-、Mn(II)-、NH_4+-和NO_2-−-氧化微生物较多，对超临界流体过滤的效果有一定的贡献。此外，地下水的组成是造成目前微生物群落之间差异的原因。我们发现：1)在所有超临界水体中，Sideroxdans对Fe(II)的微好氧氧化作用最强，在低As和高铁地下水补给下，超微生物是所有超临界水体中主要的Mn(II)氧化剂；3)作为对形成的铁和锰(氧氢)氧化物矿物的固持，4)氨氧化古菌(AOA)和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(NOB)进行了硝化作用；以及v)出人意料地存在大量甲烷单加氧酶基因(PmoA)，表明微生物对甲烷的氧化作用发生了。总体而言，我们的研究揭示了SFS中用于净化受砷污染的地下水的各种微生物群落，我们的数据表明，微生物活动对SFS中的关键功能过程做出了重要贡献。
Household sand filters (SFs) are widely applied to remove iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), and ammonium (NH4+) from groundwater in the Red River delta, Vietnam. Processes in the filters probably include a combination of biotic and abiotic reactions. However, there is limited information on the microbial communities treating varied groundwater compositions and on whether biological oxidation of Fe(II), Mn(II), As(III), and NH4+contributes to the overall performance of SFs. We therefore analyzed the removal efficiencies, as well as the microbial communities and their potential activities, of SFs fed by groundwater with varying compositions from low (3.3 μg L−1) to high (600 μg L−1) As concentrations. The results revealed that Fe(II)-, Mn(II)-, NH4+-, and NO2−-oxidizing microorganisms were prevalent and contributed to the performance of SFs. Additionally, groundwater composition was responsible for the differences among the present microbial communities. We found i) microaerophilic Fe(II) oxidation bySideroxydansin all SFs, with the highest abundance in SFs fed by low-As and high-Fe groundwater, ii)Hyphomicropbiaceaeas the main Mn(II)-oxidizers in all SFs, iii) As sequestration on formed Fe and Mn (oxyhydr)oxide minerals, iv) nitrification by ammonium-oxidizing archaea (AOA) followed by nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and v) unexpectedly, the presence of a substantial amount of methane monooxygenase genes (pmoA), suggesting microbial methane oxidation taking place in SFs. Overall, our study revealed diverse microbial communities in SFs used for purifying arsenic-contaminated groundwater, and our data indicate an important contribution of microbial activities to the key functional processes in SFs.