The impact of elevated tropospheric ozone on grain quality of hybrid rice: A free-air gas concentration enrichment (FACE) experiment
The impact of elevated tropospheric ozone on grain quality of hybrid rice: A free-air gas concentration enrichment (FACE) experiment
复制标题
对流层臭氧升高对杂交水稻品质的影响：自由空气气体浓度富集（FACE）实验
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2012.01.019
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发表时间：
2012-04-11
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Wang, Yulong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Yunxia;Yang, Lianxin;Wang, Yulong
对流层臭氧浓度上升是目前最重要的空气污染物，它抑制植物生长，从而导致农作物产量损失。然而，人们对臭氧对农作物品质的影响知之甚少。2007 - 2008年连续两个生长季，利用自由空气气体浓度富集（FACE）装置对中国杂交籼稻汕优63进行了臭氧熏蒸试验。收获的谷物样品接受各种质量测试。在这两个季节，糙米、精米和整精米产量都因臭氧浓度升高而降低，2008年的降幅（17-22%）大于2007年（8-19%）。臭氧浓度升高导致糙米率显著下降，但整精米率显著提高，提高了8.8%。臭氧浓度升高使垩白粒率增加5.8%，而垩白面积和垩白度基本不变。虽然稻米的直链淀粉浓度略有减少，淀粉糊化特性表明，在臭氧浓度升高的谷物有较低的击穿（7.7%）和较高的挫折值（25.2%）和糊化温度（0.9摄氏度）比那些在环境条件下生长。营养评估表明，臭氧暴露往往会增加蛋白质和所有矿物元素的浓度分析（即，K、Mg、Ca、Fe、Zn、Mn和Cu），但籽粒蛋白质和矿质元素含量没有变化或有所降低。多数品质性状的年度效应显著，但未检测到与臭氧的交互作用。我们的研究结果表明，预计未来几十年长期暴露在富含臭氧的大气中不仅会导致产量严重下降，而且还会对杂交种汕优63的外观和食用/烹饪品质产生有害影响。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Rising tropospheric ozone concentration is currently the most important air pollutant which suppresses plant growth and thus results in yield loss of agronomic crops. However little is known about ozone effects on grain quality of crops. Using a free-air gas concentration enrichment (FACE) facility for ozone fumigation in paddy rice (Oryza Sativa L), a Chinese hybrid indica cultivar Shanyou 63 was exposed to either ambient or elevated ozone concentration (ca 23.5% above ambient) for two consecutive growth seasons from 2007 to 2008. Harvested grain samples were subjected to various quality tests. In both seasons, the brown, milled and head rice yield all reduced by elevated ozone concentration, with this reduction being greater in 2008 (17-22%) than in 2007 (8-19%). Ozone elevation caused small but significant decrease in brown rice percentage, but greatly increased head rice percentage by 8.8%. Chalky grain percentage increased (5.8%) due to ozone elevation, while chalkiness area and chalkiness degree remaining unchanged. Although the amylose concentration of rice grains was marginally reduced, starch pasting properties demonstrated that grains in elevated ozone concentration had lower breakdown (7.7%) and higher setback value (25.2%) and gelatinization temperature (0.9 degrees C) than those grown in ambient conditions. Nutrition evaluation indicated that ozone exposure tended to increase the concentrations of protein and all mineral elements analyzed (i.e., K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu), but the contents of protein and mineral elements in harvested grains were unchanged or reduced. For most traits of grain quality, the year effect was significant, however, its interaction with ozone was not detected. Our results suggested that long-term exposure to ozone-enriched atmospheres projected in the coming a few decades not only caused serious reductions in yield, but also tended to produce the deleterious effects upon grain quality of hybrid Shanyou 63 in terms of appearance and eating/cooking quality. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.