SELF-CONTROL THROUGH EMERGING ADULTHOOD: INSTABILITY, MULTIDIMENSIONALITY, AND CRIMINOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
SELF-CONTROL THROUGH EMERGING ADULTHOOD: INSTABILITY, MULTIDIMENSIONALITY, AND CRIMINOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
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DOI：
10.1111/1745-9125.12045
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Simons, Ronald L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burt, Callie H.;Sweeten, Gary;Simons, Ronald L.
本研究评估自我控制理论的稳定性假设。我们从三个方面推进了自控稳定性的研究。首先，我们将稳定性的研究扩展到高中之后，估计了10岁至25岁的自我控制GBTM。其次，借鉴发展心理学和社会神经科学的进步，特别是冒险的双系统模型，我们调查是否两个不同的人格特质冲动和感觉寻求往往在自我控制的措施混为一谈，表现出不同的发展模式。发现他们这样做，我们估计多轨迹模型，以确定潜在的类共同发生的发展模式。我们补充GBTM稳定性分析与分层线性模型和可靠的方差估计。最后，使用固定效应模型，我们探讨了所观察到的个体内变化是否与整体年龄趋势的犯罪网络变化有关。这些想法使用来自家庭和社区健康研究的五波数据进行测试。结果表明，自我控制是不稳定的，存在不同的发展模式的冲动和感觉寻求，这些变化是独特的后果犯罪。最后，我们将我们的研究结果与现有的研究进行比较，并讨论自我控制理论的影响。
This study assesses self-control theory's stability postulate. We advance research on self-control stability in three ways. First, we extend the study of stability beyond high school, estimating GBTMs of self-control from ages 10 to 25. Second, drawing on advances in developmental psychology and social neuroscience, especially the dual systems model of risk taking, we investigate whether two distinct personality traits-impulsivity and sensation seeking-often conflated in measures of self-control, exhibit divergent developmental patterns. Finding that they do, we estimate multitrajectory models to identify latent classes of co-occurring developmental patterns. We supplement GBTM stability analyses with hierarchical linear models and reliable variance estimates. Lastly, using fixed effects models, we explore whether the observed within-individual changes are associated with changes in crime net of overall age trends. These ideas are tested using five waves of data from the Family and Community Health Study. Results suggest that self-control is unstable, that distinct patterns of development exist for impulsivity and sensation seeking, and that these changes are uniquely consequential for crime. We conclude by comparing our findings with extant research and discussing the implications for self-control theory.