Lower tropospheric measurements of halogens, nitrates, and sulphur oxides during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992
Lower tropospheric measurements of halogens, nitrates, and sulphur oxides during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992
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1992 年极地日出实验期间对流层低层卤素、硝酸盐和硫氧化物的测量
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Sturges
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Barrie;Shao;D. Toom;S. Landsberger;W. Sturges
1992 年国际极地日出实验期间，在加拿大西北地区阿勒特北极高纬度地区进行了大气化学测量，从 1 月到 4 月进行了大气化学测量，以调查对流层低层臭氧消耗化学现象。进行了一系列基于过滤器的测量，涉及除尘器和多级过滤器支架，以表征与 O3 消耗事件相关的对流层低层 SOx.、Br、Cl、I 和 NO3− 的颗粒和气体部分。在所有测量的化合物中，溴化合物是唯一显示出与臭氧消耗相关的化合物。总 Br 的所有三种成分（颗粒无机物、气态无机物和气态有机物）在 O3 消耗事件期间均增加。在某些情况下，从一月的黑暗到四月的完全光照之间卤素的时间趋势是明显的。很大程度上，由于 4 月份与 O3 消耗相关的事件更加频繁地发生，Br 成分的平均浓度趋于增加。无机颗粒和气态 Br 的总体积 (pptv) 从约 10 增加到 20 万亿分之一，有机气态 Br 从 25 增加到 40 pptv。总无机 I 浓度从 3 月初的约 0.3 pptv 增加到 4 月下旬的 1.0 pptv。总无机（气体加颗粒）Cl 浓度没有系统趋势，平均浓度约为 40 pptv，而木炭上捕获的有机 Cl 含量要丰富得多。 SOx 浓度平均约为 1200 pptv，从 1 月份的最高 6000 pptv 下降到 4 月份的 800 pptv，并且与人为 V 密切相关。SOx 氧化为 SO4= 的比例逐渐增加，从 1 月份的 20% 到 30% 的低点逐渐增加到 4 月份的大于 80%。 SO4= 浓度从 1 月/2 月的 500 pptv 增加到 3 月的 1000 pptv，并在 4 月下降到 700 pptv。无机 NO3− 在整个时期内没有表现出系统性变化。其平均为 50 pptv，远低于过氧乙酰硝酸盐 (PAN)（150 至 600 pptv），并且主要以颗粒形式存在。从 denuder 观察来看，Teflon 过滤器组合和两个 KOH 过滤器可以提供无机颗粒 Br− 和 NO3− 以及无机气态 Br− 的有用估计。 KOH 和尼龙过滤器的无机气态 NO3− 测量会受到 PAN 收集的干扰。
During the international Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992 at Alert, Northwest Territories, Canada, in the high Arctic, atmospheric chemistry measurements were conducted from January to April to investigate lower tropospheric ozone depletion chemistry. A series of filter-based measurements involving a denuder and multistage filter holders were made to characterize the particulate and gaseous fraction of lower tropospheric SOx., Br, Cl, I, and NO3− in relation to O3 depletion events. Bromine compounds were the only ones of all those measured to show correlations with ozone depletion. All three components of total Br (particulate inorganic, gaseous inorganic, and gaseous organic) increased during O3 depletion events. Temporal trends in halogens between the dark of January and the complete light of April were in some cases evident. Largely, as a result of more frequently occurring O3 depletion-related episodes toward April, average concentrations of Br components tended to increase. The sum of inorganic particulate and gaseous Br increased from about 10 to 20 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) and organic gaseous Br increased from 25 to 40 pptv. Total inorganic I concentrations increased from about 0.3 pptv in early March to 1.0 pptv in late April. There was no systematic trend in total inorganic (gas plus particle) Cl with concentrations averaging approximately 40 pptv, while organic Cl trapped on charcoal was much more abundant. SOx concentrations averaged about 1200 pptv, decreasing from a maximum of 6000 pptv in January to 800 pptv in April and were well correlated with anthropogenic V. The fraction of SOx oxidized to SO4= increased progressively from a low of 20 to 30% in January to greater than 80% in April. SO4= concentrations increased from 500 pptv in January/February to 1000 pptv in March and dropped to 700 pptv in April. Inorganic NO3− showed no systematic variation throughout the period. It averaged 50 pptv, which is much less than peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) (150 to 600 pptv), and it was predominantly in particles. Judging from denuder observations, a filter combination of Teflon followed by two KOH filters can provide useful estimates of inorganic particulate Br− and NO3− as well as of inorganic gaseous Br−. Inorganic gaseous NO3− measurements from KOH and nylon filters suffer interferences from collection of PAN.