Regulation of adolescent sleep - Implications for behavior
Regulation of adolescent sleep - Implications for behavior
复制标题
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1308.032
复制
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jenni, OG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carskadon, MA;Acebo, C;Jenni, OG
青少年的发展伴随着睡眠和觉醒的时间和数量的深刻变化。这些变化的许多方面是由于青春期伴随的心理社会和生活方式环境的改变造成的。然而，调节睡眠/觉醒系统的生物过程的成熟可能与青春期的睡眠时间和睡眠量密切相关——无论是“强制”因素还是“允许”因素。睡眠调节的双过程模型假设了一个基本的睡眠-觉醒稳态过程（过程S）与昼夜节律生物计时系统（过程Q作为主要的内在调节因素）协同工作。这些系统在青春期如何变化？我们提供了青少年参与者的数据，检查睡眠稳态的脑电图标记，以评估过程S是否显示出允许整个青春期睡眠模式改变的成熟变化。我们的数据表明，稳态系统的某些方面从儿童晚期到成年早期没有变化，而我们还发现了昼夜节律系统的变化，这表明了青少年后期睡眠时间的可能的昼夜节律基础，我们评估的昼夜节律参数包括阶段、周期、褪黑激素分泌模式、光敏感性和阶段关系，所有这些都表明青春期发育过程中的变化可能会显着改变睡眠模式，但是这些变化是通过过程S、过程C还是通过过程S或过程C来调节的。结合起来，许多青少年在错误的昼夜节律阶段睡眠过少，导致过度嗜睡、情绪调节困难、学习成绩受损、学习困难、上学迟到和缺勤以及事故和伤害的风险增加。
Adolescent development is accompanied by profound changes in the timing and amounts of sleep and wakefulness. Many aspects of these changes result from altered psychosocial and life-style circumstances that accompany adolescence. The maturation of biological processes regulating sleep/wake systems, however, may be strongly related to the sleep timing and amount during adolescence-either as "compelling" or "permissive" factors. The two-process model of sleep regulation posits a fundamental sleep-wake homeostatic process (process S) working in concert with the circadian biological timing system (process Q as the primary intrinsic regulatory factors. How do these systems change during adolescence? We present data from adolescent participants examining EEG markers of sleep homeostasis to evaluate whether process S shows maturational changes permissive of altered sleep patterns across puberty. Our data indicate that certain aspects of the homeostatic system are unchanged from late childhood to young adulthood, while other features change in a manner that is permissive of later bedtimes in older adolescents. We also show alterations of the circadian timing system indicating a possible circadian substrate for later adolescent sleep timing. The circadian parameters we have assessed include phase, period, melatonin secretory pattern, light sensitivity, and phase relationships, all of which show evidence of changes during pubertal development with potential to alter sleep patterns substantially. However the changes are mediated-whether through process S, process C, or by a combination-many adolescents have too little sleep at the wrong circadian phase. This pattern is associated with increased risks for excessive sleepiness, difficulty with mood regulation, impaired academic performance, learning difficulties, school tardiness and absenteeism, and accidents and injuries.