THE VECTORAL ROLE OF SEVERAL BLACKFLY SPECIES (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE) IN RELATION TO HUMAN ONCHOCERCIASIS IN THE SIERRA PARIMA AND UPPER ORINOCO REGIONS OF VENEZUELA
THE VECTORAL ROLE OF SEVERAL BLACKFLY SPECIES (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE) IN RELATION TO HUMAN ONCHOCERCIASIS IN THE SIERRA PARIMA AND UPPER ORINOCO REGIONS OF VENEZUELA
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DOI：
10.1080/00034983.1988.11812296
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发表时间：
1988-12-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
TADA, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BASANEZ, MG;YARZABAL, L;TADA, I
研究了委内瑞拉上奥里诺科河地区流行区的几种嗜人黑蝇对盘尾丝虫的实验和自然感染。在帕里马山脉，四名不同的雅诺马米志愿者被喂食后，总感染率为31.1%。与7 .；cndot相比，拟南芥为4%。山楂5%；摄入的微丝虫在最初24小时内进入胸腔并完成发育到感染阶段的比例在后者中也远低于前者。在抗柱头丝虫病中，旋丝虫未发育成幼虫，但其中一只雌虫的头内有6只人畜共患丝虫病的感染幼虫。当美国人说…在上奥里诺科河以一名受感染的志愿者为食，大多数苍蝇摄入的微丝虫很少，进一步发育仅达到L1阶段。在帕里马山脉的两个地方，圭亚那S. guianense的自然感染率和传染性为0 .cntdot。2-4 .cntdot.0%和1 .cntdot。3 - 10 .cntdot。分别为2%，超过50%的L3幼虫在头部。上奥里诺科河S. oyapockense s.l.的相应数据为0.0.2%。1 - 0 .cntdot。5%，但仅发现L3幼虫不对应于O.扭转。结果表明，几内亚棘球绦虫是塞拉利昂盘尾丝虫病的主要传播媒介，边缘棘球绦虫可能起次要作用。在上奥里诺科河取代了它们，并可能保持一定程度的传播，但其流行病学重要性仍有待评估。
Experimental and natural infections with Onchocerca volvulus were studied in several anthropophilic blackfly species present in the endemic area of the Upper Orinoco region of Venezuela. When fed on four different Yanomami volunteers in the Sierra Parima, the total infection rate was 31 .cntdot. 4% for Simulium guianense in comparison with 7 .cntdot. 5% for S. limbatum. The proportion of ingested microfilariae that entered the thorax during the first 24 hours and completed development to the infective stage was also much lower in the latter than in former species. There was on larval development of O. volvulus in S. antillarium, but one female harboured in its head six infective larvae of a zoonotic filaria. When S. oyapokense s.. was fed on an infected volunteer in the Upper Orinoco most flies ingested few microfilariae, and further development reached only the L1 stage. Natural infection and infectivity rates for S. guianense in two localities of the Sierra Parima were 0 .cntdot. 2-4 .cntdot.0% and 1 .cntdot. 3-10 .cntdot. 2%, respectively, more than 50% of the L3 larvae being in the head. The corresponding data for S. oyapockense s.l. in the Upper Orinoco were 0 .cntdot. 1-0 .cntdot. 5%, although the only L3 larva found did not correspond to O. volvulus. It is suggested that S. guianense is the main vector of onchocerciasis in the Sierra Parima and that S. limbatum could play a secondary role. Simulium oyapockense s.l. replaces them in the Upper Orinoco and may maintain a degree of transmission, but its epidemiological importance remains to be assessed.