Negative emotions and coronary heart disease: causally related or merely coexistent? A review.
Negative emotions and coronary heart disease: causally related or merely coexistent? A review.
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负面情绪与冠心病：因果关系还是仅仅共存？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
D. F. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. F. Smith
负面情绪被认为是冠心病(CHD)的原因之一，也是心血管疾病的后果。早期对战斗中士兵心脏疾病的案例研究让人们注意到，强烈的负面情绪状态可能会导致冠心病。随后有关对自然灾害的反应的报道支持了这样的观点，即强烈的负面情绪可能会引发冠心病等躯体疾病。从那时起，许多研究都探讨了负面情绪与冠心病之间的关系。多年来，回溯性研究发现，例如，负面情绪通常在冠心病发生之前就已经存在。横断面研究表明，冠心病患者经常出现抑郁和焦虑的症状。前瞻性研究表明，有负面情绪的人患冠心病的可能性往往高于没有负面情绪的人。与CHD关系最密切的负面情绪状态的主要症状是紧张、容易心烦意乱、感觉疲劳、优柔寡断、睡眠障碍、通常担心某事，以及觉得如果自己死了别人会更好。尽管这些发现似乎支持负面情绪和CHD之间存在因果关系的观点，但它们不能提供这种关系的确凿证据。另一种解释也可以解释这些发现，简单地说，负面情绪和CHD经常共存。
Negative emotions have been claimed to be a cause of coronary heart disease (CHD) as well as a consequence of cardiovascular disorders. Early case studies of cardiac disorders of soldiers in battle drew attention to the possibility that strong negative emotional states could cause CHD. Subsequent reports of reactions to natural disasters supported the notion that intense negative emotions could precipitate somatic disorders such as CHD. Since then, numerous studies have investigated relations between negative emotions and CHD. Over the years, retrospective studies have found, for example, that negative emotions are often present before the occurrence of CHD. Cross-sectional studies have indicated that symptoms of depression and anxiety are often present in CHD patients. Prospective studies have shown that the likelihood of CHD tends to be higher for people with negative emotions than for those without them. The main symptoms of negative emotional states that seem to be most closely associated with CHD are nervousness, getting easily upset, feeling fatigue, being indecisive, having sleep disturbances, being usually worried about something, and feeling that others would be better off if oneself were dead. Although the findings appear to support the notion of causal connections between negative emotions and CHD, they fail to provide conclusive proof of such relations. An alternative explanation that could also account for the findings is simply that negative emotions and CHD often coexist.