A synergistic approach for the simultaneous decarbonisation of power and industry via bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)
A synergistic approach for the simultaneous decarbonisation of power and industry via bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.05.020
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Renato P. Cabral;M. Bui;N. M. Dowell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Renato P. Cabral;M. Bui;N. M. Dowell
需要快速和大规模的脱碳，以在12年内减少45%的二氧化碳排放。因此，我们提出了一种方法，通过与生物能源和CCS(BECCS)的协同方法，加速跨多个部门的脱碳，该方法能够从空气中消除每兆瓦时发电740公斤的二氧化碳。工业是一个难以脱碳的行业，它带来了一系列独特的挑战，与电力行业不同，没有明显的CCS替代方案。其中一个挑战是CO2浓度的显著变化，这直接影响到CO2捕获成本，对于高CO2浓度(95-99%CO2)和低CO2浓度(4%CO2)应用，分别从10美元/tCO2到170美元/tCO2以上。将现有的燃煤发电厂机队重新用于BECCS，可以取代煤炭使用产生的二氧化碳排放，并实现公正的过渡，即避免失业，提供不依赖政府补贴的支持性经济框架。捕获和储存大气二氧化碳产生的负排放可以转化为负排放信用(NECS)，并拍卖给难以脱碳的部门，从而为发电厂提供另一种收入来源。通过以每吨二氧化碳90美元至135美元的价格拍卖NECS，可以实现每兆瓦时70美元至100美元的水平电力成本(LCOE)。要抵消全球9 Gt二氧化碳的工业二氧化碳排放，需要在这一框架下建立3000个BECCS工厂。这种方法可能会启动工业脱碳，同时让该行业有更多时间开发新的CCS技术。
There is a need for a rapid and large scale decarbonisation to reduce CO 2 emissions by 45% within 12 years. Thus, we propose a method that accelerates decarbonisation across multiple sectors via a synergistic approach with bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), which is able to remove 740 kg CO 2 from air per MWh electricity generated. Industry is a hard-to-decarbonise sector which presents a unique set of challenges where, unlike the power sector, there are no obvious alternatives to CCS. One of these challenges is the significant variation of CO 2 concentration, which directly influences CO 2 capture costs, ranging from $10/t CO 2 to over $170/t CO 2 for high (95–99% CO 2) and low CO 2 concentration (4% CO 2) applications, respectively. Re-purposing the existing coal-fired power plant fleet into BECCS displaces CO 2 emissions from coal-use and enables a just transition, ie, avoiding job loss, providing a supportive economic framework that does not rely on government subsidies. Negative emissions generated from capturing and storing atmospheric CO 2 can be converted into negative emission credits (NECs) and auctioned to hard-to-decarbonise sectors, thus providing another revenue stream to the power plant. A levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) between $70 and $100 per MWh can be achieved through auctioning NECs at $90–$135 per t CO 2. Offsetting the global industrial CO 2 emissions of 9 Gt CO 2 would require 3000 BECCS plants under this framework. This approach could jumpstart industrial decarbonisation whilst giving this sector more time to develop new CCS technologies.