East meets West: ethnic differences in prostate cancer epidemiology between East Asians and Caucasians.
East meets West: ethnic differences in prostate cancer epidemiology between East Asians and Caucasians.
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DOI：
10.5732/cjc.011.10324
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发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kimura T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimura T
前列腺癌是西方国家男性中最常见的癌症。亚洲报告的发病率远低于非洲裔美国人和欧洲高加索人。虽然亚洲国家缺乏系统的前列腺癌筛查系统可以解释部分差异，但仅凭这一点不能完全解释美国和西欧国家的亚洲移民与这些国家的黑人和非西班牙裔白色人相比发病率较低，也不能完全解释美国的亚洲移民前列腺癌预后较好。大豆食品消费在亚洲人群中更受欢迎，与前列腺癌风险降低25%至30%相关。前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）是唯一建立和常规实施的前列腺癌检测和疾病状态的临床生物标志物。其他生物标志物，如尿前列腺癌抗原3 RNA，与单独PSA相比，可能会增加前列腺癌筛查的准确性。在西方国家的人群中，在遗传连锁分析中已经确定了几个易感基因座，并且在全基因组关联研究中已经报道了大约30种遗传多态性适度增加前列腺癌的风险。大多数鉴定的多态性是可重复的，无论种族如何。前列腺肿瘤基因组中的体细胞突变已被反复报道，包括8 p和8 q染色体区域分别缺失和获得;谷胱甘肽S-转移酶Pi（GSTP 1）的表观遗传基因沉默;以及雄激素受体基因突变。然而，前列腺癌的致癌、侵袭性和预后的分子机制仍不清楚。基因-基因和/或基因-环境的相互作用仍然需要学习。在这篇综述中，PSA筛查实践的差异，报告的发病率和预后的前列腺癌，遗传因素之间的人口在东方和西方的因素进行了讨论。
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer in males in Western countries. The reported incidence in Asia is much lower than that in African Americans and European Caucasians. Although the lack of systematic prostate cancer screening system in Asian countries explains part of the difference, this alone cannot fully explain the lower incidence in Asian immigrants in the United States and west-European countries compared to the black and non-Hispanic white in those countries, nor the somewhat better prognosis in Asian immigrants with prostate cancer in the United States. Soy food consumption, more popular in Asian populations, is associated with a 25% to 30% reduced risk of prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the only established and routinely implemented clinical biomarker for prostate cancer detection and disease status. Other biomarkers, such as urinary prostate cancer antigen 3 RNA, may increase accuracy of prostate cancer screening compared to PSA alone. Several susceptible loci have been identified in genetic linkage analyses in populations of countries in the West, and approximately 30 genetic polymorphisms have been reported to modestly increase the prostate cancer risk in genome-wide association studies. Most of the identified polymorphisms are reproducible regardless of ethnicity. Somatic mutations in the genomes of prostate tumors have been repeatedly reported to include deletion and gain of the 8p and 8q chromosomal regions, respectively; epigenetic gene silencing of glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTP1); as well as mutations in androgen receptor gene. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis, aggressiveness, and prognosis of prostate cancer remain largely unknown. Gene-gene and/or gene-environment interactions still need to be learned. In this review, the differences in PSA screening practice, reported incidence and prognosis of prostate cancer, and genetic factors between the populations in East and West factors are discussed.
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DOI：
10.1177/107327480901600210
发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center
影响因子：
--
作者：
Holmes L Jr;Chan W;Jiang Z;Ward D;Essien EJ;Du XL
通讯作者：
Du XL
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
BOUCHARDY, C;PARKIN, DM;KHLAT, M
通讯作者：
KHLAT, M
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Galper, SL;Chen, MH;D'Amico, AV
通讯作者：
D'Amico, AV
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Cohen, JH;Schoenbach, VJ;Godley, PA
通讯作者：
Godley, PA
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Chen, Jian-Guo;Zhu, Jian;Chen, Tao-Yang
通讯作者：
Chen, Tao-Yang