Planktic foraminiferal changes in the western Mediterranean Anthropocene
Planktic foraminiferal changes in the western Mediterranean Anthropocene
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103549
复制
发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Sven Pallacks;P. Ziveri;B. Martrat;G. Mortyn;M. Grelaud;R. Schiebel;A. Incarbona;J. García-Orellana;Griselda Anglada-Ortiz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sven Pallacks;P. Ziveri;B. Martrat;G. Mortyn;M. Grelaud;R. Schiebel;A. Incarbona;J. García-Orellana;Griselda Anglada-Ortiz
在过去的两个世纪里，人为引起的变暖正在影响海洋环境。浮游有孔虫是一种全球性分布的钙化海洋浮游动物，对海洋表面温度的变化敏感，并与食物网结构相互作用。在这里，我们研究了两个高分辨率的多芯记录从两个西地中海地区（阿尔沃兰和巴利阿里盆地），受自然气候变化和人为变暖的影响很大的地区。岩芯覆盖了从中世纪气候异常到现在的时间间隔。重建的海表温度与其他结果非常一致，追踪了整个公元（CE）的温度变化，并显示在公元1850年左右出现了明显的变暖。这两个核心显示相反的丰度波动的浮游有孔虫物种（Globigerina bulloides，Globorotalia inflataandGloborotalia truncatulinoides），一个共同的海洋钙化浮游动物。Globorotalia truncatulinoides + Globorotalia inflata的相对丰度变化反映了巴利阿里盆地深冬混合的强度。在阿尔沃兰海，Globigerina bulloides和Globorotalia inflatainstead响应当地的上升流动力。在前工业时代，南极有孔虫生产力和物种组成的变化主要可以用北大西洋涛动的自然变率来解释，在较小程度上也可以用大西洋多年代际涛动来解释。在工业时代，从公元1800年开始，这种变化受到人为地表变暖的影响，导致上层水柱的垂直分层增强，并导致两个地点的地表生产力下降。我们发现，在西地中海的自然浮游有孔虫种群动态已经改变了工业时代的增强人为影响，这表明在这个地区的自然周期被人类的影响。
The increase in anthropogenic induced warming over the last two centuries is impacting marine environment. Planktic foraminifera are a globally distributed calcifying marine zooplankton responding sensitively to changes in sea surface temperatures and interacting with the food web structure. Here, we study two high resolution multicore records from two western Mediterranean Sea regions (Alboran and Balearic basins), areas highly affected by both natural climate change and anthropogenic warming. Cores cover the time interval from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to present. Reconstructed sea surface temperatures are in good agreement with other results, tracing temperature changes through the Common Era (CE) and show a clear warming emergence at about 1850 CE. Both cores show opposite abundance fluctuations of planktic foraminiferal species (Globigerina bulloides,Globorotalia inflataandGloborotalia truncatulinoides),a common group of marine calcifying zooplankton. The relative abundance changes ofGloborotalia truncatulinoidesplusGloborotalia inflatadescribe the intensity of deep winter mixing in the Balearic basin. In the Alboran Sea,Globigerina bulloidesandGloborotalia inflatainstead respond to local upwelling dynamics. In the pre-industrial era, changes in planktic foraminiferal productivity and species composition can be explained mainly by the natural variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation, and, to a lesser extent, by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. In the industrial era, starting from about 1800 CE, this variability is affected by anthropogenic surface warming, leading to enhanced vertical stratification of the upper water column, and resulting in a decrease of surface productivity at both sites. We found that natural planktic foraminiferal population dynamics in the western Mediterranean is already altered by enhanced anthropogenic impact in the industrial era, suggesting that in this region natural cycles are being overprinted by human influences.