Escaping the accelerator: how, when and in what numbers do cosmic rays get out of supernova remnants?
Escaping the accelerator: how, when and in what numbers do cosmic rays get out of supernova remnants?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18824.x
复制
发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
L. Drury
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Drury
由扩散激波加速的带电粒子从超新星遗迹中逃逸，是一个比通常所理解的更为复杂的过程。使用一个盒子模型，它示出的光谱的高能量端可以表现出光谱断裂，即使没有正式的逃逸作为结果的几何稀释和变化的时间尺度。有人指出，大部分的宇宙射线粒子在较低的能量必须产生和释放的后期阶段的残留物的演变，而高能量的粒子产生的早期;这可能解释最近的观察轻微的成分变化与能量。本文简要讨论了稠密和部分电离介质中离子-中性摩擦引起的逃逸，并对所谓的“自由逃逸边界条件”的使用作了一些评论。最后，估计的总生产频谱集成的剩余物的生命。
The escape of charged particles accelerated by diffusive shock acceleration from supernova remnants is shown to be a more complex process than normally appreciated. Using a box model it is shown that the high-energy end of the spectrum can exhibit spectral breaks even with no formal escape as a result of geometrical dilution and changing time-scales. It is pointed out that the bulk of the cosmic ray particles at lower energies must be produced and released in the late stages of the remnant's evolution, whereas the high-energy particles are produced early on; this may explain recent observations of slight compositional variations with energy. Escape resulting from ion–neutral friction in dense and partially ionized media is discussed briefly and some comments made on the use of the so-called ‘free-escape boundary conditions’. Finally, estimates are made of the total production spectrum integrated over the life of the remnant.