A Review of the "Black Beauty" Martian Regolith Breccia and Its Martian Habitability Record.
A Review of the "Black Beauty" Martian Regolith Breccia and Its Martian Habitability Record.
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DOI：
10.1089/ast.2021.0069
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发表时间：
2022-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
A. Goodwin;R. Garwood;R. Tartèse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Goodwin;R. Garwood;R. Tartèse
西北非洲（NWA）7034和成对的样品是火星地壳独特的陨石代表。它们富含水分，岩性多样，保存着迄今为止发现的最古老的火星锆石颗粒，形成于约1000年。4500-4300 Ma。因此，陨石为我们提供了早期火星地壳和环境条件的宝贵记录。一些放射性同位素计时器的重置是为了响应一次重大的热扰动事件。1500-1400 Ma，可能是由一个撞击物造成的，该撞击物使NWA 7034在地表附近的喷出物覆盖层中角砾化和重新沉积。包括NWA 7034的岩石，然后被一个长期的影响引起的热液系统含水改变，然后被挖掘和随后的影响约喷出。5-15 MA.这篇评论将年代学和岩石学信息汇编成NWA 7034和配对样品的总体地质年代学摘要。然后，我们提供了挥发性（H2O，C）库存和热液蚀变历史的NWA 7034的概要。从这个地质年代学的历史和挥发性清单，我们解释和评估两个潜在的火星可居住性时期：（1）前诺亚纪行星可居住性的早期窗口，（2）撞击衍生的热液系统，允许间歇性的可居住的火山口环境以及亚马逊河流域。
The regolith breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034 and paired samples are unique meteorite representatives of the martian crust. They are water rich, lithologically varied, and preserve the oldest martian zircon grains yet discovered that formed ca. 4500-4300 Ma. The meteorite thus provides us with an invaluable record of the crustal and environmental conditions on early Mars. Resetting of some radioisotopic chronometers occurred in response to a major thermal disturbance event ca. 1500-1400 Ma, likely caused by an impactor that brecciated and redeposited NWA 7034 near the surface in an ejecta blanket. Lithologies comprising NWA 7034 were then aqueously altered by a long-lasting impact-induced hydrothermal system, before being excavated and ejected by a subsequent impact at ca. 5-15 Ma. This review compiles chronological and petrological information into an overarching geochronological summary for NWA 7034 and paired samples. We then provide a synopsis for the volatile (H2O, C) inventory and hydrothermal alteration history of NWA 7034. From this geochronological history and volatile inventory, we interpret and assess two potential periods of martian habitability: (1) an early window of pre-Noachian planetary habitability, and (2) impact-derived hydrothermal systems that allowed intermittent habitable crater environments well into the Amazonian.