Mediators of anaphylaxis
Mediators of anaphylaxis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.iac.2007.03.013
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Grant, J. Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogawa, Yoshiko;Grant, J. Andrew
过敏反应是一种威胁生命的疾病，与肥大细胞的IgE激活密切相关，随后会从细胞内颗粒释放预先形成的介质，包括组胺、中性蛋白酶(类胰蛋白酶和糜酶)和蛋白多糖(如肝素)。这些因素参与了经典症状的发展，涉及皮肤、呼吸道、循环和胃肠道系统。这些颗粒迅速释放之后，由膜花生四烯酸合成的前列腺素和白三烯增加，这在临床症状中具有额外的作用。此后，肥大细胞释放大量的趋化因子和细胞因子，启动额外的炎症细胞的募集和激活，包括嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和Th2细胞。
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening condition closely linked to IgE activation of mast cells with subsequent release of preformed mediators, including histamine, neutral proteases (tryptase and chymase), and proteoglycans (eg, heparin) from intracellular granules. These factors participate in the development of classic symptoms involving the skin, respiratory tract, circulation, and gastrointestinal system. Release of these granules is followed quickly by increased synthesis from membrane arachidonic acid of prostaglandins and leukotrienes that have an additional role in clinical symptoms. Thereafter, mast cells release numerous chemokines and cytokines that initiate recruitment and activation of additional inflammatory cells, including basophils, eosinophils, and Th2 cells.