HEALTH, BEHAVIOR, AND HEALTH CARE DISPARITIES: DISENTANGLING THE EFFECTS OF INCOME AND RACE IN THE UNITED STATES
HEALTH, BEHAVIOR, AND HEALTH CARE DISPARITIES: DISENTANGLING THE EFFECTS OF INCOME AND RACE IN THE UNITED STATES
复制标题
DOI：
10.2190/hs.42.4.c
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lebrun, Lydie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubay, Lisa C.;Lebrun, Lydie A.
在美国，关于健康差异的文献通常分别关注种族/民族或社会经济地位（SES），但不经常一起关注。该研究的目的是评估种族/民族和SES对健康状况，健康行为和医疗保健利用的单独影响。使用2008年全国健康访谈调查（n = 17，337名非老年人）进行横断面分析。研究了特定种族群体内的社会经济地位差异，以及高社会经济地位和低社会经济地位群体内的种族差异。在每个种族/民族群体中，低SES个体与高SES个体相比，健康状况不佳的比例更高，健康行为的比例更低，获得护理的比例更低。在这两个SES组中，黑人和西班牙裔的健康状况比白人差。虽然白人比黑人和西班牙裔更有可能锻炼，但他们更有可能吸烟，不喝酒或适度饮酒的可能性更小。黑人有类似或更好的医疗保健使用比白人，特别是癌症筛查;西班牙裔在每个SES组内的使用较低。类似收入的成年人之间的种族/族裔差异虽然重要，但与每个种族/族裔群体内高收入和低收入人口之间的差异相比，就相形见绌了。
The literature on health disparities in the United States typically focuses on race/ethnicity or on socioeconomic status (SES) separately, but not often together. The purpose of the study was to assess the separate effects of race/ethnicity and SES on health status, health behaviors, and health care utilization. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using the 2008 National Health Interview Survey (n = 17,337 non-elderly adults). SES disparities within specific racial groups were examined, as were race disparities within high and low SES groups. Within each racial/ethnic group, a greater proportion of low versus high SES individuals were in poor health, a lower proportion had healthy behaviors, and a lower proportion had access to care. In both SES groups, blacks and Hispanics had poorer health outcomes than whites. While whites were more likely to exercise than blacks and Hispanics, they are more likely to be smokers and less likely to have no or moderate alcohol consumption. Blacks had similar or better health care use than whites, especially for cancer screening; Hispanics had lower use within each SES group. Race/ethnicity disparities among adults of similar incomes, while important, were dwarfed by the disparities identified between high- and low-income populations within each racial/ethnic group.