Opposite Patterns of Diurnal Activity in the Box Jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora and Copula sivickisi
Opposite Patterns of Diurnal Activity in the Box Jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora and Copula sivickisi
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/bblv222n1p35
复制
发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Nilsson, D. -E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garm, A.;Bielecki, J.;Nilsson, D. -E.
水母立方动物有一组固定的24只眼睛，其中一些在结构上与脊椎动物和头足类动物的眼睛相似。在所描述的大约25个物种中，这组眼睛的差异令人惊讶地很小，这表明它们参与了同样刻板的视觉任务。白天，在红树林泻湖的边缘发现三叶草，在那里它在支柱根之间阳光照耀的斑块中积累在接近水面的地方。西维克司(Copula Sivickisi)是一种与珊瑚礁有关的生物，人们观察到它在夜间活动。至少从表面上看，这两个物种的眼睛几乎一模一样。我们在实验室实验中研究了这两个物种在野外和受控条件下的昼夜活动模式。尽管视觉系统非常相似，但我们发现它们显示出相反的日常活动模式。天牛只在白天活动，而西维氏龙虾则在晚上游泳，在那里它会觅食和交配。晚上，在红树林泻湖泥泞的底部发现了黄花鱼。西维基斯毛虫整天都附着在石头和珊瑚骨架的底部等结构上。这种物种差异似乎是为了优化觅食，因为活动模式遵循各自栖息地中可用猎物的模式。
Cubozoan medusae have a stereotypic set of 24 eyes, some of which are structurally similar to vertebrate and cephalopod eyes. Across the approximately 25 described species, this set of eyes varies surprisingly little, suggesting that they are involved in an equally stereotypic set of visual tasks. During the day Tripedalia cystophora is found at the edge of mangrove lagoons where it accumulates close to the surface in sun-lit patches between the prop roots. Copula sivickisi (formerly named Carybdea sivickisi) is associated with coral reefs and has been observed to be active at night. At least superficially, the eyes of the two species are close to identical. We studied the diurnal activity pattern of these two species both in the wild and under controlled conditions in laboratory experiments. Despite the very similar visual systems, we found that they display opposite patterns of diurnal activity. T. cystophora is active exclusively during the day, whereas C. sivickisi is actively swimming at night, when it forages and mates. At night T. cystophora is found on the muddy bottom of the mangrove lagoon. C. sivickisi spends the day attached to structures such as the underside of stones and coral skeletons. This species difference seems to have evolved to optimize foraging, since the patterns of activity follow those of the available prey items in their respective habitats.