Substrate-gleaning versus aerial-hawking: plasticity in the foraging and echolocation behaviour of the long-eared bat, Myotis evotis
Substrate-gleaning versus aerial-hawking: plasticity in the foraging and echolocation behaviour of the long-eared bat, Myotis evotis
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基质拾取与空中鹰捕：长耳蝙蝠 Myotis evotis 觅食和回声定位行为的可塑性
DOI：
10.1007/bf00217386
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Barclay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Faure;R. Barclay
本文研究了草原鼠耳蝠在觅食和空中霍霍攻击中的觅食和回声定位行为。蝙蝠从地面和树皮覆盖的棚架上收集飞蛾，然而，它们同样擅长捕捉飞行的飞蛾。M. evotis在基板采集序列是短，宽带，调频（FM）。确定了三个行为阶段：搜索，悬停和攻击。收集搜索呼叫的持续时间显着较长，最高频率较低，带宽比悬停/攻击呼叫。只有68%的采集序列中检测到呼叫，当它们发出时，蝙蝠在攻击前200毫秒停止呼叫。终端喂养嗡嗡声，脉冲重复率的快速增加与企图捕获猎物，从来没有记录在拾穗攻击。M.在空中鹰觅食序列evotis也短时间，高频率，调频呼叫。确定了两个不同的声学阶段：接近和终端。在所有测量的变量中，接近呼叫与终端呼叫有显着差异。在100%的空中叫卖攻击中检测到呼叫，并且总是产生终端喂食嗡嗡声。收集悬停/攻击呼叫的频谱类似于空中接近呼叫，但持续时间较短，并以显着较低（但恒定）的重复率比空中信号发射。虽然觅食的环境（飞行笼内容）之间的任务（基板拾荒与空中叫卖）保持不变，蝙蝠发出显着较低的振幅调用，而拾荒。我们的结论是M. Evotis调整其回声定位行为以满足由每种觅食情况施加的感知需求（声学约束）。
The foraging and echolocation behaviour of Myotis evotis was investigated during substrate-gleaning and aerial-hawking attacks. Bats gleaned moths from both the ground and a bark-covered trellis, however, they were equally adept at capturing flying moths. The calls emitted by M. evotis during substrate-gleaning sequences were short, broadband, and frequency-modulated (FM). Three behavioural phases were identified: search, hover, and attack. Gleaning search calls were significantly longer in duration, lower in highest frequency, and larger in bandwidth than hover/attack calls. Calls were detected in only 68% of gleaning sequences, and when they were emitted, bats ceased calling ∼ 200 ms before attacking. Terminal feeding buzzes, the rapid increase in pulse repetition rate associated with an attempted prey capture, were never recorded during gleaning attacks. The echolocation calls uttered by M. evotis during aerial-hawking foraging sequences were also short duration, high frequency, FM calls. Two distinct acoustic phases were identified: approach and terminal. Approach calls were significantly different from terminal calls in all variables measured. Calls were detected in 100% of aerial-hawking attacks and terminal feeding buzzes were invariably produced. Gleaning hover/attack calls were spectrally similar to aerial approach calls, but were shorter in duration and emitted at a significantly lower (but constant) repetition rate than aerial signals. Although the foraging environment (flight cage contents) remained unchanged between tasks (substrate-gleaning vs. aerial-hawking), bats emitted significantly lower amplitude calls while gleaning. We conclude that M. evotis adjusts its echolocation behaviour to meet the perceptual demands (acoustical constraints) imposed by each foraging situations.
回声定位蝙蝠 Eptesicus fuscus 沿目标距离轴的杂波干扰。
DOI：
10.1121/1.396832
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Simmons,JA;Kick,SA;Moffat,AJ;Masters,WM;Kon,D
通讯作者：
Kon,D