Dietary cadmium exposure and kidney stone incidence: A population-based prospective cohort study of men & women
Dietary cadmium exposure and kidney stone incidence: A population-based prospective cohort study of men & women
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2013.06.008
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Akesson, Agneta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thomas, Laura D. K.;Elinder, Carl-Gustaf;Akesson, Agneta
镉暴露与尿钙排泄增加有关。高钙尿症被认为是肾结石形成的主要危险因素。以前曾有人提出，在职业接触镉的人群中，肾结石的患病率会增加。食物是镉暴露的主要来源，在一般人群中，烟草是一个重要的额外来源，在smoker.We旨在评估饮食镉暴露和肾结石发病率之间的关联，在两个大的人口为基础的，前瞻性队列的男性（瑞典男性队列; COSM）和女性（瑞典乳房X线摄影队列; SMC）。在基线1997年，男性（45-79岁）和女性（48 - 83岁）完成了关于饮食和生活方式的自填问卷。在12年的随访中，我们通过将队列与全国住院和门诊登记联系起来，确定了707例男性肾结石和290例女性肾结石。根据膳食数据和食物中镉的浓度，估算了个体膳食镉暴露量。采用考克斯比例风险回归模型计算风险比（HR），并对其他风险因素进行调整。将最高三分位数与最低三分位数进行比较，在男性HR 0.97（95%置信区间（CI）：0.77-1.23）或女性HR 0.99（95% CI：0.89-1.43）中，估计饮食镉暴露与肾结石发病率增加无关。总之，我们的研究结果并不支持在一般人群中看到的暴露水平下，饮食镉和肾结石风险之间存在强相关性。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Cadmium exposure is associated with increased urinary calcium excretion. Hypercalciuria is recognised as a major risk factor for kidney stone formation. Increased prevalence of kidney stones among those occupationally exposed to cadmium has previously been suggested. Food is the main source of cadmium exposure in the general population with tobacco representing an important additional source among smokers.We aimed to assess the association between dietary cadmium exposure and kidney stone incidence in two large population-based, prospective cohorts of men (Cohort of Swedish Men; COSM) and women (The Swedish Mammography Cohort; SMC). Those with a history of kidney stones were excluded.At baseline 1997, men (45-79 yrs) and women (48 to 83 yrs), completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet and lifestyle. During 12 years of follow-up, we ascertained 707 cases of kidney stones in men and 290 in women through linkage of the cohorts to the national inpatient and outpatient registers. Individual dietary cadmium exposure was estimated using dietary data and concentrations of cadmium in food. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards regression models with adjustment for other risk factors.Estimated dietary cadmium exposure was not associated with increased kidney stone incidence among men HR 0.97 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-1.23) or women HR 0.99 (95% CI: 0.89-1.43), comparing the highest tertile with the lowest. In conclusion, our results do not support a strong association between dietary cadmium and kidney stone risk at the exposure levels seen in the general population. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.