Differences in sprinting performance and kinematics between preadolescent boys who are fore/mid and rear foot strikers
Differences in sprinting performance and kinematics between preadolescent boys who are fore/mid and rear foot strikers
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0205906
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发表时间：
2018-10-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yanagiya, Toshio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyamoto, Aya;Takeshita, Tomonari;Yanagiya, Toshio
本研究的目的是澄清脚的罢工模式是否与不同的短跑成绩和运动学在青春期前的男孩。这项研究招募了24名健康的10-11岁的日本公立小学五年级男孩。参赛者以最大的努力完成了50米短跑。使用高速摄像机（120 fps）记录短跑运动，该摄像机放置在距起跑线35 m处绘制的线左侧的矢状面中。根据手动数字化的身体标志坐标计算运动学变量。参与者根据他们的脚撞击模式分为两组（后足撞击者，RF组，n = 12;前足或中足撞击者，FF/MF组，n = 12）。FF/MF组完成50米短跑的时间（9.08 +/- 0.52 s）比RF组（9.63 +/- 0.51 s）快。FF/MF组比RF组具有更大的冲刺速度、更高的步频和更短的足部接触时间。关于脚的罢工模式和短跑运动学之间的关联，我们发现，RF组有一个更大的范围内的膝关节屈曲在支撑腿阶段，而FF/MF组有较短的水平距离从脚跟的支撑腿的质量中心在触地，更大的最大膝关节屈曲速度在摆动腿阶段，更高的最大髋关节伸展速度在支撑腿阶段。目前的研究结果表明，在青春期前的男孩，前脚或中脚罢工（而不是后脚罢工）是有效的获得更高的步频和冲刺速度通过更大幅度的膝关节屈曲和髋关节伸展运动速度在摆动和支持阶段，分别。本研究结果将有助于了解青春期前儿童短跑成绩的发展特点。
The purpose of this study was to clarify whether foot strike patterns are associated with different sprint performance and kinematics in preadolescent boys. The study enrolled 24 healthy 10-11-year-old boys in the fifth grade at public elementary schools in Japan. The participants performed the 50-m sprint with maximum effort. Sprint motion was recorded using a high-speed video camera (120 fps) placed in the sagittal plane on the left side of a line drawn at 35-m from the start line. Kinematic variables were calculated based on manually digitized body landmark coordinates. The participants were categorized into two groups according to their foot strike pattern (rearfoot strikers, RF group, n = 12; forefoot or midfoot strikers, FF/MF group, n = 12). The time taken to complete the 50-m sprint in the FF/MF group (9.08 +/- 0.52 s) was faster than that in the RF group (9.63 +/- 0.51 s). The FF/MF group had greater sprint speed, higher step frequency, and shorter foot contact time than the RF group. Regarding the association between foot strike pattern and sprint kinematics, we found that the RF group had a greater range of knee flexion during the support-leg phase, whereas the FF/MF group had shorter horizontal distance from the heel of the support leg to the centre of mass at the touchdown, greater maximal knee flexion velocity during the swing-leg phase, and higher the maximum hip extension velocity during the support-leg phase. The current results suggested that, in preadolescent boys, forefoot or midfoot strike (rather than rearfoot strike) is effective for obtaining a higher step frequency and sprint speed through greater magnitude of knee flexion and hip extension movement velocities during the swing and support phases, respectively. The current findings will be useful for understanding the characteristics of the development of sprinting performance in preadolescent children.