Decreasing metal runoff from poultry litter with aluminum sulfate
Decreasing metal runoff from poultry litter with aluminum sulfate
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DOI：
10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700010014x
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Wood, BH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, PA;Daniel, TC;Wood, BH
硫酸铝[Al-2（SO 4）（3）. 14 H（2）O]处理能显著降低农田径流中P的浓度，减少NH3的挥发。本研究的目的是评估金属径流与不同的明矾处理和未处理（正常）的家禽凋落物施肥的地块。将明矾处理过的（按重量计10%的明矾）和未处理过的凋落物播撒到高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea Schreb）的小块土地上，凋落物施用率分别为0、2.24、4.49、6.73和8.98 Mg ha（-1）（0、1、2、3和4吨英亩（-1））。降雨模拟器被用来产生两个径流事件，立即凋落物应用后，7天后。无论凋落物类型如何，水溶性金属的浓度和负荷都随凋落物施用率线性增加。明矾处理降低了As，Cu，Fe和Zn的浓度，相对于未处理的凋落物，而它增加了Ca和Mg，未处理的凋落物径流水中的铜浓度非常高（高达1 mg Cu L-1），表明潜在的水质问题。可溶性铝，钾，钠浓度没有显着影响的类型的凋落物。由于明矾减少微量金属径流似乎与可溶性有机碳（SOC）的浓度，以及SOC的微量金属的亲和力。铝处理过的垃圾中的金属径流不太可能造成环境问题比未经处理的垃圾，因为威胁的水环境的钙和镁远远低于所造成的As，Cu和Zn。
Aluminum sulfate [Al-2(SO4)(3) . 14H(2)O] applications to poultry litter can greatly reduce P concentrations in runoff from fields fertilized with poultry litter, as well as decrease NH, volatilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate metal runoff from plots fertilized with varying rates of alum-treated and untreated (normal) poultry litter. Alum-treated (10% alum by weight) and untreated litter was broadcast applied to small plots in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb,), Litter application rates were 0, 2.24, 4.49, 6.73, and 8.98 Mg ha(-1) (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 tons acre(-1)). Rainfall simulators were used to produce two runoff events, immediately after litter application and 7 d later. Both concentrations and loads of water-soluble metals increased linearly with litter application rates, regardless of litter type. Alum treatment reduced concentrations of As, Cu, Fe, and Zn, relative to untreated litter, whereas it increased Ca and Mg, Copper concentrations in runoff water from untreated litter mere extremely high (up to 1 mg Cu L-1), indicating a potential water quality problem. Soluble Al, K, and Na concentrations were not significantly affected by the type of litter. Reductions in trace metal runoff due to alum appeared to be related to the concentration of soluble organic C (SOC), as well as the affinity of SOC for trace metals. Metal runoff from alum-treated litter is less likely to cause environmental problems than untreated litter, since threats to the aquatic environment by Ca and Mg are far less than those posed by As, Cu, and Zn.