Acquiring novel words and their past tenses: Evidence from lexical effects on phonetic categorisation
Acquiring novel words and their past tenses: Evidence from lexical effects on phonetic categorisation
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获取新词及其过去时态：词汇对语音分类影响的证据
DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2011.07.005
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lindsay S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lindsay S
两个实验探讨了新的动词是如何在听觉输入词汇中表现出来的，以及这些新单词的屈折形式是如何获得和识别的。参与者被介绍给新的口语形式作为无屈折变化的动词。这些变化在于它们是否包含最后的/d/（例如，confald或confal）。无论是在训练后立即还是一周后，他们都对这些形式的变体进行了语音分类，这些变体以a /d/-/t/连续体上的模糊音素结束。词汇在分类中的影响可以通过a /d/反应偏差来证明，这与学习的无屈折变化形式（例如，confald）或学习形式的规则过去式变形（例如，confalled）。在实验1中，词汇分类的影响，目前为两个词的类型，立即和一周后曝光。实验2复制和扩展这些研究结果使用退化的刺激。词汇对反应选择的促进作用在一周后开始增强，而对反应速度的促进作用在一周后开始增强。这些研究结果提供了证据的帐户动词学习中，快速存储的单词形式的信息可以立即在某些方面的词汇属性，如允许概括现有的知识动词形态的新词。然而，巩固随着时间的推移增强这些表示，使迅速词汇的影响音素感知。对屈折形式表征理论和新词汇词汇加工的时间进程理论的启示进行了讨论。
Two experiments addressed how novel verbs come to be represented in the auditory input lexicon, and how the inflected forms of such novel words are acquired and recognised. Participants were introduced to new spoken forms as uninflected verbs. These varied in whether they contained a final /d/ (e.g., confald or confal). Either immediately after training or a week later they performed phonetic categorisation on variants of these forms that ended with an ambiguous phoneme on a /d/-/t/ continuum. Lexical influences in categorisation would be demonstrated by a /d/ response bias, consistent with either the learnt uninflected form (e.g., confald) or a regular past tense inflection of the learnt form (e.g., confalled). In Experiment 1, lexical effects on categorisation were present for both word types, immediately and a week after exposure. Experiment 2 replicated and extended these findings using degraded stimuli. While lexical effects on response choice were present straight away, lexical facilitation of response speed was stronger after a week. These findings provide evidence for an account of verb learning in which rapidly stored word form information can have immediate lexical properties in some respects, such as allowing generalisation of existing knowledge of verb morphology to new words. However, consolidation over time enhances these representations, enabling swift lexical influences on phoneme perception. Implications for theories of the representation of inflectional forms and the time course of lexical processing of novel words are discussed.