A Multi-Modal Sensor Array for Human-Robot Interaction and Confined Spaces Exploration Using Continuum Robots.

A Multi-Modal Sensor Array for Human-Robot Interaction and Confined Spaces Exploration Using Continuum Robots.
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多模态传感器阵列用于连续体机器人的人机交互和受限空间探索。

DOI:
10.1109/jsen.2021.3140002
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发表时间:
2022-02-15
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Simaan, Nabil
Simaan, Nabil
中科院分区:
综合性期刊2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abah, Colette;Orekhov, Andrew L.;Johnston, Garrison L. H.;Simaan, Nabil

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安全的人-机器人交互需要机器人具有感知能力。本文介绍了一种用于连续体机器人的多模式传感器阵列的设计,目标是在有人类用户的半结构化受限空间中进行操作。主动安全措施通过能够同时检测接近、接触和力的传感器阵列来实现。接近感应是使用飞行时间传感器实现的,而接触力则是使用霍尔效应传感器和嵌入的磁铁来感应的。本文介绍了这些传感器的设计和制造,用于与高级控制器进行交互通信的通信协议和多路传输方案,以及对这些传感器用于主动映射环境形状和使用手势和与机器人接触的顺应性控制的评估。考虑到对光照、颜色和纹理条件的敏感性,对接近传感器的特性进行了描述。文中还给出了力传感的表征。结果表明,多模式传感器阵列可以实现碰撞前后的主动安全措施,还可以实现用户与机器人的交互。我们相信,这项新技术可以提高受限和半结构空间中人与机器人交互的安全性,因为它具有检测即将发生的碰撞并沿机器人长度绘制环境地图的能力。未来电子设备的小型化也将使更小的连续体和软机器人的集成成为可能。
Safe human-robot interaction requires robots endowed with perception. This paper presents the design of a multi-modal sensory array for continuum robots, targeting operation in semi-structured confined spaces with human users. Active safety measures are enabled via sensory arrays capable of simultaneous sensing of proximity, contact, and force. Proximity sensing is achieved using time-of-flight sensors, while contact force is sensed using Hall effect sensors and embedded magnets. The paper presents the design and fabrication of these sensors, the communication protocol and multiplexing scheme used to allow an interactive rate of communication with a high-level controller, and an evaluation of these sensors for actively mapping the shape of the environment and compliance control using gestures and contact with the robot. Characterization of the proximity sensors is presented with considerations of sensitivity to lighting, color, and texture conditions. Also, characterization of the force sensing is presented. The results show that the multi-modal sensory array can enable pre and post-collision active safety measures and can also enable user interaction with the robot. We believe this new technology allows for increased safety for human-robot interaction in confined and semi-structures spaces due to its demonstrated capabilities of detecting impending collision and mapping the environment along the length of the robot. Future miniaturization of the electronics will also allow possible integration in smaller continuum and soft robots.
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