Three Roots of Human Recency
Three Roots of Human Recency
复制标题
人类近因性的三个根源
作者：
R. Proctor
随着时间的推移，关于人类古老的概念发生了巨大的变化，最近的证据(和观点)指向了相对最近的情况。105年前，语言、火种、复合工具的使用，以及许多其他被认为是人类符号智力的迹象。随之而来的变化是早期原始人的非人化，这一变化在考古学、古生物学和分子人类学的不同科学中都可以看到。对人类的理解随着这些领域的发现而改变，也是对如何理解种族、残暴和最古老的工具(例如阿舍利手斧)的斗争的回应。原始人和种族多样性的概念往往交织在一起，第二次世界大战后种族自由主义的一个影响似乎是推迟了对化石原始人多样性的认识，因为担心将一个或另一个现已灭绝的原始人排除在人类大家庭之外。种族共鸣仍然使人类起源的理论复杂化，人们倾向于庆祝离开非洲(离开非洲：谢天谢地！)，这就是明证。时间压缩可以被视为一种文化产物，在关于早期原始人人性的辩论中，可以找到不同的证据审慎概念。考虑到说他们什么时候变成我们的固有随意性，问题是人类是什么时候变成人的？除其他事项外，还必须被视为道德问题。
Conceptions of human antiquity have changed dramatically over time, with recent evidence (and opinion) pointing to the relative recencyca. 105 years agoof language, kindled fire, compoundtool use, and a number of other presumed signs of human symbolic intelligence. A concomitant change has been the dehumanizing of early hominids, a transformation visible in the separate sciences of archaeology, paleontology, and molecular anthropology. Understandings of humanity have changed in response to discoveries in these fields but also in response to struggles over how to understand race, brutality, and the oldest tools (Acheulean handaxes, for example). Conceptions of hominid and racial diversity have often been intertwined, and one impact of racial liberalism after World War II seems to have been a delay in the recognition of fossil hominid diversity, in consequence of fears of excluding one or another nowextinct hominid from the Family of Man. Racial resonances still complicate theories of human origins, as evidenced in the tendency to celebrate the exodus from Africa (Out of Africa: Thank God!). Temporal compression can be seen as a cultural artifact, and different conceptions of evidentiary prudence can be found in debates over the humanness of early hominids. Given the inherent arbitrariness in saying when they became us, the question When did humans become human? must also be seen as, among other things, a moral one.